(7) 2. Yamakavaggo · (7) 2. 双品
(7) 2. Yamakavaggo(7) 2. 双品
1. Avijjāsuttaṃ1. 无明经
§61
‘‘Purimā , bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya – ‘ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati, atha ca pana paññāyati – ‘idappaccayā avijjā’ti.
「诸比库,无明的前际不被了知——『在此之前无明不存在,然后它才生起。』诸比库,虽然这样说,但这却被了知——『以此为缘而有无明。』
‘‘Avijjampāhaṃ , bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro avijjāya? ‘Pañca nīvaraṇā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pañcapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nīvaraṇe sāhāre vadāmi , no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ? ‘Tīṇi duccaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, duccaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. Ko cāhāro tiṇṇaṃ duccaritānaṃ? ‘Indriyaasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Indriyaasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro indriyaasaṃvarassa? ‘Asatāsampajañña’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Asatāsampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro asatāsampajaññassa? ‘Ayonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Ayonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro ayonisomanasikārassa? ‘Assaddhiya’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Assaddhiyampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro assaddhiyassa? ‘Asaddhammassavana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Asaddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro asaddhammassavanassa? ‘Asappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ.
「诸比库,我说无明是有食的,非无食的。什么是无明的食?应该说:『五盖。』诸比库,我说五盖是有食的,非无食的。什么是五盖的食?应该说:『三恶行。』诸比库,我说三恶行是有食的,非无食的。什么是三恶行的食?应该说:『诸根不防护。』诸比库,我说诸根不防护是有食的,非无食的。什么是诸根不防护的食?应该说:『无念无正知。』诸比库,我说无念无正知是有食的,非无食的。什么是无念无正知的食?应该说:『非如理作意。』诸比库,我说非如理作意是有食的,非无食的。什么是非如理作意的食?应该说:『无信。』诸比库,我说无信是有食的,非无食的。什么是无信的食?应该说:『听闻非正法。』诸比库,我说听闻非正法是有食的,非无食的。什么是听闻非正法的食?应该说:『亲近恶人。』
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti. Evametissā avijjāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,如此,亲近恶人圆满则听闻非正法圆满,听闻非正法圆满则无信圆满,无信圆满则非如理作意圆满,非如理作意圆满则无念无正知圆满,无念无正知圆满则诸根不防护圆满,诸根不防护圆满则三恶行圆满,三恶行圆满则五盖圆满,五盖圆满则无明圆满。如此,这是无明的食,如此而圆满。
‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante ( ) taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti. Kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,譬如在高山上,天降大雨,那水顺流而下,充满山间的缝隙、裂谷、小溪;山间的缝隙、裂谷、小溪充满了,便充满小池;小池充满了,便充满大池;大池充满了,便充满小河;小河充满了,便充满大河;大河充满了,便充满大海洋;这就是那大海洋的资养,这就是充满。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti; evametissā avijjāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,同样地,亲近恶人圆满则听闻非正法圆满,听闻非正法圆满则无信圆满,无信圆满则非如理作意圆满,非如理作意圆满则无念无正知圆满,无念无正知圆满则诸根不防护圆满,诸根不防护圆满则三恶行圆满,三恶行圆满则五盖圆满,五盖圆满则无明圆满;如此,这是无明的食,如此而圆满。
‘‘Vijjāvimuttimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro vijjāvimuttiyā? ‘Satta bojjhaṅgā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Sattapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅge sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ? ‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Cattāropāhaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhāne sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ? ‘Tīṇi sucaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sucaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. Ko cāhāro tiṇṇaṃ sucaritānaṃ? ‘Indriyasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Indriyasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro indriyasaṃvarassa? ‘Satisampajañña’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Satisampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro satisampajaññassa? ‘Yonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Yonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro yonisomanasikārassa? ‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro saddhāya ? ‘Saddhammassavana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave , sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro saddhammassavanassa? ‘Sappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ.
「诸比库，我说，明与解脱是有食的，非无食的。什么是明与解脱的食？应说：‘七觉支。’诸比库，我说，七觉支是有食的，非无食的。什么是七觉支的食？应说：‘四念处。’诸比库，我说，四念处是有食的，非无食的。什么是四念处的食？应说：‘三善行。’诸比库，我说，三善行是有食的，非无食的。什么是三善行的食？应说：‘根律仪。’诸比库，我说，根律仪是有食的，非无食的。什么是根律仪的食？应说：‘念与正知。’诸比库，我说，念与正知是有食的，非无食的。什么是念与正知的食？应说：‘如理作意。’诸比库，我说，如理作意是有食的，非无食的。什么是如理作意的食？应说：‘信。’诸比库，我说，信是有食的，非无食的。什么是信的食？应说：‘听闻正法。’诸比库，我说，听闻正法是有食的，非无食的。什么是听闻正法的食？应说：‘亲近善人。’」
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,如是,善人相近之圆满令正法听闻圆满,正法听闻之圆满令信圆满,信之圆满令如理作意圆满,如理作意之圆满令念正知圆满,念正知之圆满令诸根防护圆满,诸根防护之圆满令三善行圆满,三善行之圆满令四念处圆满,四念处之圆满令七觉支圆满,七觉支之圆满令明解脱圆满;如是此明解脱有食,如是有圆满。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti, kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,譬如在山上,当天降大雨时,那水顺着低处流下,充满山谷、山洞、山涧,山谷、山洞、山涧充满则充满小湖,小湖充满则充满大湖,大湖充满则充满小河,小河充满则充满大河,大河充满则充满大海洋;如此,这是大海洋的食,如此而圆满。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūrī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.
「正是如此，诸比库，亲近善人圆满时，能使听闻正法圆满；听闻正法圆满时，能使信圆满；信圆满时，能使如理作意圆满；如理作意圆满时，能使念与正知圆满；念与正知圆满时，能使根律仪圆满；根律仪圆满时，能使三善行圆满；三善行圆满时，能使四念处圆满；四念处圆满时，能使七觉支圆满；七觉支圆满时，能使明与解脱圆满。如是有此明与解脱的食，如是有圆满。」第一。
2. Taṇhāsuttaṃ2. 渴爱经
§62
‘‘Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati bhavataṇhāya – ‘ito pubbe bhavataṇhā nāhosi , atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati, atha ca pana paññāyati – ‘idappaccayā bhavataṇhā’ti.
「诸比库!有渴爱的前际不可知——『在此之前有渴爱不存在,然后它生起』。诸比库!虽然如此说,但这可知——『缘此而有有渴爱』。
‘‘Bhavataṇhāmpāhaṃ , bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro bhavataṇhāya? ‘Avijjā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Avijjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro avijjāya? ‘Pañca nīvaraṇā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pañca nīvaraṇepāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ? ‘Tīṇi duccaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave , duccaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. Ko cāhāro tiṇṇannaṃ duccaritānaṃ? ‘Indriyaasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Indriyaasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ . Ko cāhāro indriyaasaṃvarassa? ‘Asatāsampajañña’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Asatāsampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro asatā sampajaññassa? ‘Ayonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Ayonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro ayonisomanasikārassa? ‘Assaddhiya’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Assaddhiyampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro assaddhiyassa? ‘Assaddhammassavana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Assaddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro assaddhammassavanassa? ‘Asappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ.
「诸比库!我说有渴爱是有食的,非无食的。什么是有渴爱的食?应说『无明』。诸比库!我说无明是有食的,非无食的。什么是无明的食?应说『五盖』。诸比库!我说五盖是有食的,非无食的。什么是五盖的食?应说『三恶行』。诸比库!我说三恶行是有食的,非无食的。什么是三恶行的食?应说『诸根不律仪』。诸比库!我说诸根不律仪是有食的,非无食的。什么是诸根不律仪的食?应说『无念无正知』。诸比库!我说无念无正知是有食的,非无食的。什么是无念无正知的食?应说『不如理作意』。诸比库!我说不如理作意是有食的,非无食的。什么是不如理作意的食?应说『无信』。诸比库!我说无信是有食的,非无食的。什么是无信的食?应说『听闻非正法』。诸比库!我说听闻非正法是有食的,非无食的。什么是听闻非正法的食?应说『亲近非善士』。
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti, avijjā paripūrā bhavataṇhaṃ paripūreti; evametissā bhavataṇhāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库!如此,亲近非善士圆满则圆满听闻非正法,听闻非正法圆满则圆满无信,无信圆满则圆满不如理作意,不如理作意圆满则圆满无念无正知,无念无正知圆满则圆满诸根不律仪,诸根不律仪圆满则圆满三恶行,三恶行圆满则圆满五盖,五盖圆满则圆满无明,无明圆满则圆满有渴爱;如此,此有渴爱有食,如此而圆满。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti , kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,譬如天在高山上降大雨,那雨水顺着低处流下,使山岩、山谷、山涧充满;山岩、山谷、山涧充满后,使小湖充满;小湖充满后,使大湖充满;大湖充满后,使小河充满;小河充满后,使大河充满;大河充满后,使大海洋充满;如是,这是大海洋的食,如是而有充满。
‘‘Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti, avijjā paripūrā bhavataṇhaṃ paripūreti; evametissā bhavataṇhāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库!正是如此,亲近非善士圆满则圆满听闻非正法,听闻非正法圆满则圆满无信,无信圆满则圆满不如理作意,不如理作意圆满则圆满无念无正知,无念无正知圆满则圆满诸根不律仪,诸根不律仪圆满则圆满三恶行,三恶行圆满则圆满五盖,五盖圆满则圆满无明,无明圆满则圆满有渴爱;如此,此有渴爱有食,如此而圆满。
‘‘Vijjāvimuttimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro vijjāvimuttiyā? ‘Satta bojjhaṅgā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Sattapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅge sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ? ‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Cattāropāhaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhāne sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. Ko cāhāro catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ? ‘Tīṇi sucaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sucaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. Ko cāhāro tiṇṇannaṃ sucaritānaṃ? ‘Indriyasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Indriyasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro indriyasaṃvarassa? ‘Satisampajañña’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Satisampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro satisampajaññassa? ‘Yonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Yonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro yonisomanasikārassa? ‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro saddhāya? ‘Saddhammassavana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. Ko cāhāro saddhammassavanassa? ‘Sappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ.
「诸比库，我说，明与解脱是有食的，非无食的。什么是明与解脱的食？应说：‘七觉支。’诸比库，我说，七觉支是有食的，非无食的。什么是七觉支的食？应说：‘四念处。’诸比库，我说，四念处是有食的，非无食的。什么是四念处的食？应说：‘三善行。’诸比库，我说，三善行是有食的，非无食的。什么是三善行的食？应说：‘根律仪。’诸比库，我说，根律仪是有食的，非无食的。什么是根律仪的食？应说：‘念与正知。’诸比库，我说，念与正知是有食的，非无食的。什么是念与正知的食？应说：‘如理作意。’诸比库，我说，如理作意是有食的，非无食的。什么是如理作意的食？应说：‘信。’诸比库，我说，信是有食的，非无食的。什么是信的食？应说：‘听闻正法。’诸比库，我说，听闻正法是有食的，非无食的。什么是听闻正法的食？应说：‘亲近善人。’」
‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti , satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri.
「诸比库,如是,善士相应圆满令听闻正法圆满,听闻正法圆满令信圆满,信圆满令如理作意圆满,如理作意圆满令念与正知圆满,念与正知圆满令根律仪圆满,根律仪圆满令三善行圆满,三善行圆满令四念处圆满,四念处圆满令七觉支圆满,七觉支圆满令明与解脱圆满;如是为此明与解脱之食,如是其圆满。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ…pe… evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti…pe… evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūrī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.
「诸比库!譬如在山顶上,当天降大雨时,那水顺着低处流下……乃至……如此成为此大海、海洋的食,如此而圆满。同样地,诸比库!亲近善士圆满则圆满听闻正法……乃至……如此成为此明解脱的食,如此而圆满。」第二经。
3. Niṭṭhaṅgatasuttaṃ3. 已达结论经
§63
‘‘Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṃ gatā sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā. Tesaṃ diṭṭhisampannānaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā? Sattakkhattuparamassa , kolaṃkolassa, ekabījissa, sakadāgāmissa, yo ca diṭṭheva dhamme arahā – imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā. Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā? Antarāparinibbāyissa, upahaccaparinibbāyissa, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino – imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṃ gatā, sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā. Tesaṃ diṭṭhisampannānaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.
「诸比库!凡任何对我达到确信者,他们全都是见具足者。在那些见具足者中,五种在此处确信,五种舍此处后确信。哪五种在此处确信?七返有者、家家、一种子、一来者、以及在现法中成为阿拉汉者——这五种在此处确信。哪五种舍此处后确信?中般涅槃者、生般涅槃者、无行般涅槃者、有行般涅槃者、上流至阿咖尼吒者——这五种舍此处后确信。诸比库!凡任何对我达到确信者,他们全都是见具足者。在那些见具足者中,这五种在此处确信,这五种舍此处后确信。」第三经。
4. Aveccappasannasuttaṃ4. 证净经
§64
‘‘Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi aveccappasannā, sabbe te sotāpannā. Tesaṃ sotāpannānaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā? Sattakkhattuparamassa, kolaṃkolassa, ekabījissa, sakadāgāmissa, yo ca diṭṭheva dhamme arahā – imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā. Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā? Antarāparinibbāyissa, upahaccaparinibbāyissa, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino – imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. Ye keci, bhikkhave , mayi aveccappasannā sabbe te sotāpannā. Tesaṃ sotāpannānaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā’’ti. Catutthaṃ.
「诸比库!凡任何对我具足证净者,他们全都是入流者。在那些入流者中,五种在此处确信,五种舍此处后确信。哪五种在此处确信?七返有者、家家、一种子、一来者、以及在现法中成为阿拉汉者——这五种在此处确信。哪五种舍此处后确信?中般涅槃者、生般涅槃者、无行般涅槃者、有行般涅槃者、上流至阿咖尼吒者——这五种舍此处后确信。诸比库!凡任何对我具足证净者,他们全都是入流者。在那些入流者中,这五种在此处确信,这五种舍此处后确信。」第四经。
5. Paṭhamasukhasuttaṃ5. 第一乐经
§65
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto magadhesu viharati nālakagāmake. Atha kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca –
一时,具寿沙利子住在马嘎达国那喇咖村。那时,沙马那达咖尼游方者去到具寿沙利子处;到了之后,与具寿沙利子互相问候。交换了友好、可记念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的沙马那达咖尼游方者对具寿沙利子这样说:
‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sukhaṃ, kiṃ dukkha’’nti? ‘‘Abhinibbatti kho, āvuso , dukkhā, anabhinibbatti sukhā. Abhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – sītaṃ uṇhaṃ jighacchā pipāsā uccāro passāvo aggisamphasso daṇḍasamphasso satthasamphasso ñātīpi mittāpi saṅgamma samāgamma rosenti. Abhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ. Anabhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – na sītaṃ na uṇhaṃ na jighacchā na pipāsā na uccāro na passāvo na aggisamphasso na daṇḍasamphasso na satthasamphasso ñātīpi mittāpi saṅgamma samāgamma na rosenti. Anabhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkha’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.
「贤友沙利子!什么是乐,什么是苦?」「贤友!再生是苦,不再生是乐。贤友!有再生时,应该预期这苦——冷、热、饥、渴、大便、小便、火触、杖触、刀触,亲戚与贤友聚集、会合而责骂。贤友!有再生时,应该预期这苦。贤友!无再生时,应该预期这乐——无冷、无热、无饥、无渴、无大便、无小便、无火触、无杖触、无刀触,亲戚与贤友聚集、会合而不责骂。贤友!无再生时,应该预期这乐。」第五经。
6. Dutiyasukhasuttaṃ6. 第二乐经
§66
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto magadhesu viharati nālakagāmake. Atha kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca –
一时,具寿沙利子住在马嘎达国那喇咖村。那时,沙马那达咖尼游方者去到具寿沙利子处;到了之后,与具寿沙利子互相问候。交换了友好、可记念的话语后,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的沙马那达咖尼游方者对具寿沙利子这样说:
‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, sāriputta, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye sukhaṃ, kiṃ dukkha’’nti? ‘‘Anabhirati kho, āvuso, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye dukkhā, abhirati sukhā. Anabhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – gacchantopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ nādhigacchati, ṭhitopi… nisinnopi… sayānopi… gāmagatopi… araññagatopi… rukkhamūlagatopi… suññāgāragatopi… abbhokāsagatopi… bhikkhumajjhagatopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ nādhigacchati. Anabhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ.
「贤友沙利子!在此法与律中,什么是乐,什么是苦?」「贤友!在此法与律中,不喜乐是苦,喜乐是乐。贤友!有不喜乐时,应该预期这苦——行走时也不获得乐与悦,站立时……坐着时……躺卧时……去村落时……去森林时……去树下时……去空屋时……去露地时……去比库众中时也不获得乐与悦。贤友!有不喜乐时,应该预期这苦。
‘‘Abhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – gacchantopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ adhigacchati, ṭhitopi… nisinnopi… sayānopi… gāmagatopi… araññagatopi… rukkhamūlagatopi… suññāgāragatopi… abbhokāsagatopi… bhikkhumajjhagatopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ adhigacchati. Abhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkha’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
「贤友!有喜乐时,应该预期这乐——行走时也获得乐与悦,站立时……坐着时……躺卧时……去村落时……去森林时……去树下时……去空屋时……去露地时……去比库众中时也获得乐与悦。贤友!有喜乐时,应该预期这乐。」第六经。
7. Paṭhamanaḷakapānasuttaṃ7. 第一那喇咖巴那经
§67
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena naḷakapānaṃ nāma kosalānaṃ nigamo tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā naḷakapāne viharati palāsavane. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi –
一时,世尊与大比库僧团一起在国萨拉游行,抵达了名为那喇咖巴那的国萨拉人村落。于此,世尊住在那喇咖巴那的巴喇沙林。尔时,世尊在那日伍波萨他日,为比库僧团围绕而坐。于是,世尊以法谈对诸比库开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜至深夜,观察已寂静、寂静的比库僧团后,告诉具寿沙利子:
‘‘Vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho. Paṭibhātu taṃ, sāriputta , bhikkhūnaṃ dhammī kathā. Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati; tamahaṃ āyamissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi.
「沙利子,比库僧团已离昏沉睡眠。沙利子,请你为诸比库作法谈。我的背痛,我要舒展它。」「是的,尊者。」具寿沙利子回答世尊。
Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
于是,世尊将桑喀帝衣折成四层后,以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起来之想。于此,具寿沙利子告诉诸比库:「诸具寿比库。」「具寿。」那些比库回答具寿沙利子。具寿沙利子说此:
‘‘Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi … vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
「贤友们!任何人对于诸善法无信、无惭、无愧、无精进、无慧,对他来说,无论夜到来或日到来,在诸善法中唯应预期衰退而非增长。贤友们!譬如黑半月的月亮,无论夜到来或日到来,在色彩上衰退、在圆满上衰退、在光辉上衰退、在圆周上衰退;同样地,贤友们!任何人对于诸善法无信、无惭、无愧、无精进、无慧,对他来说,无论夜到来或日到来,在诸善法中唯应预期衰退而非增长。
‘‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘ahiriko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘anottappī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘kusīto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘duppañño purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘kodhano purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘pāpiccho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘pāpamitto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; ‘micchādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ.
「诸贤友,『无信的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『无惭的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『无愧的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『懈怠的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『劣慧的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『易怒的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『怀恨的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『恶欲的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『恶友的人』,这是衰退;诸贤友,『邪见的人』,这是衰退。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni.
「贤友,任何人对善法具有信,具有惭……具有愧……具有慧对善法,对他来说,无论来到的是夜或日,只应期待善法的增长,而非衰退。贤友,譬如在明半月,无论来到的是夜或日,月亮增长于色泽,增长于圆轮,增长于光辉,增长于周围与直径;同样地,贤友,任何人对善法具有信,具有惭……具有愧……具有精进……具有慧对善法,对他来说,无论来到的是夜或日,只应期待善法的增长,而非衰退。
‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘hirīmā purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘ottappī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘āraddhavīriyo purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘paññavā purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘akkodhano purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘appiccho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘kalyāṇamitto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; ‘sammādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānameta’’nti.
「诸贤友,『有信的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『有惭的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『有愧的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『已发精进的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『有慧的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『不易怒的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『不怀恨的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『少欲的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『善友的人』,这是不衰退;诸贤友,『正见的人』,这是不衰退。」
Atha kho bhagavā paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā …pe… no vuddhi.
于是世尊起身后对具寿沙利子说:「善哉!善哉!沙利子!沙利子!凡是对善法没有信、没有惭、没有愧、没有精进、没有慧者,他的夜或日到来时,对善法只应预期衰退,而非增长。沙利子!犹如黑分月中,他的夜或日到来时,色衰退、圆衰退、光衰退、圆周径围衰退;同样地,沙利子!凡是对善法没有信、没有惭、没有愧、没有精进、没有慧者,他的夜或日到来时,对善法只应预期衰退,而非增长。
‘‘‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, parihānametaṃ; ahiriko… anottappī… kusīto… duppañño… kodhano… upanāhī… pāpiccho… pāpamitto… ‘micchādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, parihānametaṃ.
「沙利子,无信的人,这是衰退。无惭者……无愧者……懈怠者……劣慧者……易怒者……怀恨者……恶欲者……恶友者……『沙利子,邪见的人』,这是衰退。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni.
「沙利子,无论任何人,对善法有信,有惭,有愧,有精进,对善法有慧,当他的夜晚或白天来临时,在善法上应当期待的是增长,而非衰退。沙利子,譬如明半月的月亮,当夜晚或白天来临时,以色增长,以圆增长,以光明增长,以周围与直径增长;同样地,沙利子,无论任何人,对善法有信,有惭,有愧,有精进,对善法有慧,当他的夜晚或白天来临时,在善法上应当期待的是增长,而非衰退。」
‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, aparihānametaṃ; hirīmā… ottappī… āraddhavīriyo… paññavā… akkodhano… anupanāhī… appiccho… kalyāṇamitto… ‘sammādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, aparihānameta’’nti. Sattamaṃ.
「『沙利子,有信的人』,这是不衰退。有惭者……有愧者……已发精进者……有慧者……不易怒者……不怀恨者……少欲者……善友者……『沙利子,正见的人』,这是不衰退。」第七经。
8. Dutiyanaḷakapānasuttaṃ8. 第二那腊咖巴那经
§68
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā naḷakapāne viharati palāsavane. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi –
一时,世尊住在那喇咖巴那的巴喇沙林。尔时,世尊于当日伍波萨他日,为比库僧团围绕而坐。于是,世尊以法谈对诸比库开示、劝导、鼓励、使之欢喜至深夜,观察已寂静、已寂静的比库僧团后,告具寿沙利子:
‘‘Vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho. Paṭibhātu taṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammī kathā. Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati; tamahaṃ āyamissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi.
「沙利子,比库僧团已离昏沉睡眠。沙利子,请你对诸比库作法谈。我的背痛,我要舒展它。」「是的,尊者。」具寿沙利子应诺世尊。
Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso, bhikkhave’’ti! ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –
于是,世尊将桑喀帝折成四层后,以右胁作狮子卧,足足相叠,具念、正知,作意起来之想。于是,具寿沙利子告诸比库:「诸贤友、诸比库!」「贤友!」彼诸比库应诺具寿沙利子。具寿沙利子说此:
‘‘Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… sotāvadhānaṃ natthi… dhammadhāraṇā natthi… atthūpaparikkhā natthi… dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi… appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… sotāvadhānaṃ natthi… dhammadhāraṇā natthi… atthūpaparikkhā natthi… dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi… appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
「诸贤友,任何人对善法无信、无惭……无愧……无精进……无慧……无耳倾听……无持法……无义观察……无法随法行……对善法无不放逸,当夜或日来临时,应期待善法的衰退而非增长。诸贤友,譬如月黑分的月亮,当夜或日来临时,减损于色,减损于圆满,减损于光辉,减损于高度与周长;同样地,诸贤友,任何人对善法无信、无惭……无愧……无精进……无慧……无耳倾听……无持法……无义观察……无法随法行……对善法无不放逸,当夜或日来临时,应期待善法的衰退而非增长。
‘‘Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi… sotāvadhānaṃ atthi… dhammadhāraṇā atthi… atthūpaparikkhā atthi… dhammānudhammappaṭipatti atthi… appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihānī’’ti.
「诸贤友,任何人对善法有信、有惭……有愧……有精进……有慧……有耳倾听……有持法……有义观察……有法随法行……对善法有不放逸,当夜或日来临时,应期待善法的增长而非衰退。诸贤友,譬如月明分的月亮,当夜或日来临时,增长于色,增长于圆满,增长于光辉,增长于高度与周长;同样地,诸贤友,任何人对善法有信……(中略)……对善法有不放逸,当夜或日来临时,应期待善法的增长而非衰退。」
Atha kho bhagavā paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, sāriputta! Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… sotāvadhānaṃ natthi… dhammadhāraṇā natthi… atthūpaparikkhā natthi… dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi… appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi.
于是世尊从禅定起来,告诉具寿沙利子:「善哉!善哉!沙利子!沙利子,任何人对善法无信、无惭、无愧、无慧、无精进、无耳倾听、无持法、无义观察、无法随法行、对善法无不放逸,他的夜或日到来时,应当预期善法的衰退而非增长。沙利子,犹如黑分月,他的夜或日到来时,色衰退、圆满衰退、光明衰退、周围衰退;同样地,沙利子,任何人对善法无信……对善法无不放逸,他的夜或日到来时,应当预期善法的衰退而非增长。」
‘‘Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi… sotāvadhānaṃ atthi… dhammadhāraṇā atthi… atthūpaparikkhā atthi… dhammānudhammappaṭipatti atthi… appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihānī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.
「沙利子,无论任何人,对善法有信,有惭,有愧,有精进,有慧,有闻所成,有持法,有义观察,有法随法行,对善法有不放逸,对他来说,无论夜或日来到,应期待善法的增长,而不是衰退。沙利子,譬如在月亮白分,无论夜或日来到,它增长于色,增长于圆盘,增长于光辉,增长于周径;同样地,沙利子,无论任何人,对善法有信,有惭,有愧,有精进,有慧,有闻所成,有持法,有义观察,有法随法行,对善法有不放逸,对他来说,无论夜或日来到,应期待善法的增长,而不是衰退。」第八
9. Paṭhamakathāvatthusuttaṃ9. 第一论事经
§69
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti.
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城祇树给孤独园。尔时,众多比库食后从行乞归来,在讲堂集坐一起,从事种种畜生论,即:王论、贼论、大臣论、军论、怖畏论、战争论、食论、饮论、衣论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村论、镇论、城论、国土论、女人论、英雄论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世间传说、海洋传说、如是有无有论等。
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena upaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā sannipatitā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā’’ti?
于是世尊在傍晚时从独坐起来,前往讲堂;抵达后,坐在设置好的座位上。坐好后,世尊告诉比库们:「比库们,你们现在集坐一起在谈论什么?你们中间的谈话被中断了什么?」
‘‘Idha mayaṃ, bhante, pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharāma, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ…pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā’’ti. ‘‘Na kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ saddhāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitānaṃ, yaṃ tumhe anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā vihareyyātha, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti.
「尊者,我们在这里食后从行乞归来,在讲堂集坐一起,从事种种畜生论,即:王论、贼论……如是有无有论等。」「比库们,这对你们善男子以信从家出家成为非家,从事种种畜生论确实不适合,即:王论、贼论、大臣论、军论、怖畏论、战争论、食论、饮论、衣论、卧具论、花鬘论、香论、亲戚论、车乘论、村论、镇论、城论、国土论、女人论、英雄论、街道论、井边论、先亡论、种种论、世间传说、海洋传说、如是有无有论等。」
‘‘Dasayimāni , bhikkhave, kathāvatthūni. Katamāni dasa? Appicchakathā, santuṭṭhikathā, pavivekakathā , asaṃsaggakathā, vīriyārambhakathā, sīlakathā, samādhikathā, paññākathā, vimuttikathā, vimuttiñāṇadassanakathāti – imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa kathāvatthūni.
「比库们,有这十种谈论事。哪十种?少欲论、知足论、远离论、不杂住论、发起精进论、戒论、定论、慧论、解脱论、解脱智见论——比库们,这些是十种谈论事。」
‘‘Imesaṃ ce tumhe, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ kathāvatthūnaṃ upādāyupādāya kathaṃ katheyyātha, imesampi candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ tejasā tejaṃ pariyādiyeyyātha, ko pana vādo aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakāna’’nti! Navamaṃ.
「比库们,如果你们一再地谈论这十种谈论事,你们甚至能以光辉压倒这些具大神通、具大威力的日月的光辉,何况其他外道游方者!」第九经。
10. Dutiyakathāvatthusuttaṃ10. 第二论事经
§70
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ…pe… itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti.
一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城祇树给孤独园。尔时,众多比库午后从行乞归来,聚集坐在讲堂中,从事种种畜生论,即:王论、贼论、大臣论、军论、怖畏论、战争论、食论、饮论、衣论、卧具论、华鬘论、香论、亲里论、车乘论、村论、镇论、城论、国土论、女人论、英雄论、街道论、井边论、亡者论、杂碎论、世间起源论、海洋起源论、如是有无论等。
‘‘Dasayimāni, bhikkhave, pāsaṃsāni ṭhānāni. Katamāni dasa? Idha , bhikkhave, bhikkhu attanā ca appiccho hoti, appicchakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Appiccho bhikkhu appicchakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「诸比库,这些是十种值得赞叹之处。哪十种?诸比库,这里,比库自己少欲,又对诸比库作少欲之说。『少欲的比库又对诸比库作少欲之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti, santuṭṭhikathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Santuṭṭho bhikkhu santuṭṭhikathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己知足,又对诸比库作知足之说。『知足的比库又对诸比库作知足之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca pavivitto hoti, pavivekakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Pavivitto bhikkhu pavivekakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己远离,又对诸比库作远离之说。『远离的比库又对诸比库作远离之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti, asaṃsaṭṭhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Asaṃsaṭṭho bhikkhu asaṃsaṭṭhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己不混杂,又对诸比库作不混杂之说。『不混杂的比库又对诸比库作不混杂之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti, vīriyārambhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Āraddhavīriyo bhikkhu vīriyārambhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己精进已发起,又对诸比库作精进发起之说。『精进已发起的比库又对诸比库作精进发起之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti, sīlasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Sīlasampanno bhikkhu sīlasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己戒具足,又对诸比库作戒具足之说。『戒具足的比库又对诸比库作戒具足之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti, samādhisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Samādhisampanno bhikkhu samādhisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己定具足,又对诸比库作定具足之说。『定具足的比库又对诸比库作定具足之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti, paññāsampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Paññāsampanno bhikkhu paññāsampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己慧具足,又对诸比库作慧具足之说。『慧具足的比库又对诸比库作慧具足之说』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti, vimuttisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Vimuttisampanno bhikkhu vimuttisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
「自己具足解脱,也为诸比库说具足解脱之法。『具足解脱的比库为诸比库说具足解脱之法』,这是值得赞叹之处。
‘‘Attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti, vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. ‘Vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno bhikkhu vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa pāsaṃsāni ṭhānānī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.
「自己具足解脱智见,也为诸比库说具足解脱智见之法。『具足解脱智见的比库为诸比库说具足解脱智见之法』,这是值得赞叹之处。诸比库,这些是十个值得赞叹之处。」第十经。
Yamakavaggo dutiyo. · 双品第二
Tassuddānaṃ –
其摄颂——
Avijjā taṇhā niṭṭhā ca, avecca dve sukhāni ca;
无明、渴爱与决定,通达、二种乐,
Naḷakapāne dve vuttā, kathāvatthūpare duveti.
那喇咖巴那说二经,说话处后二经。