6. Brahmasaṃyuttaṃ · 6. 梵天相应

252 段 · CSCD 巴利原典

6. Brahmasaṃyuttaṃ6. 梵天相应

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. 第一品

1. Brahmāyācanasuttaṃ1. 梵天劝请经

§172

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘adhigato kho myāyaṃ dhammo gambhīro duddaso duranubodho santo paṇīto atakkāvacaro nipuṇo paṇḍitavedanīyo. Ālayarāmā kho panāyaṃ pajā ālayaratā ālayasammuditā. Ālayarāmāya kho pana pajāya ālayaratāya ālayasammuditāya duddasaṃ idaṃ ṭhānaṃ yadidaṃ idappaccayatāpaṭiccasamuppādo. Idampi kho ṭhānaṃ duddasaṃ yadidaṃ sabbasaṅkhārasamatho sabbūpadhipaṭinissaggo taṇhākkhayo virāgo nirodho nibbānaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ; pare ca me na ājāneyyuṃ; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’’ti. Apissu bhagavantaṃ imā anacchariyā gāthāyo paṭibhaṃsu pubbe assutapubbā –

如是我闻：一时,世尊住在伍鲁韦喇,在内兰贾拉河岸边,牧羊人榕树下,初成正觉。那时,世尊独处、隐退时,这样的思惟在心中生起:「我已证得这甚深的法,难见、难觉悟、寂静、殊胜、超越思惟所及、微妙、智者所体验。然而这些众生乐于执着、喜悦于执着、欢喜于执着。对于乐于执着、喜悦于执着、欢喜于执着的众生来说,这个处所难见,那就是缘此性之缘起。这个处所也难见,那就是一切行的止息、一切执取的舍弃、渴爱的灭尽、离贪、灭、涅槃。如果我宣说法,而他人不理解我,那对我来说是疲劳,那对我来说是困扰。」而且,这些从未听闻过的、稀有的偈颂在世尊心中呈现:

‘‘Kicchena me adhigataṃ, halaṃ dāni pakāsituṃ;

「我所证之法甚深，现在若说无益；

Rāgadosaparetehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

为贪瞋所缠者，不易悟此法。

‘‘Paṭisotagāmiṃ nipuṇaṃ, gambhīraṃ duddasaṃ aṇuṃ;

「逆流而上、微妙，甚深、难见、幽微；

Rāgarattā na dakkhanti, tamokhandhena āvuṭā’’ti .

为贪染者不能见，为黑暗蕴所覆。」

Itiha bhagavato paṭisañcikkhato appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati, no dhammadesanāya.

如是世尊思惟时，心倾向于不欲有所作为，不欲说法。

Atha kho brahmuno sahampatissa bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya etadahosi – ‘‘nassati vata bho loko, vinassati vata bho loko, yatra hi nāma tathāgatassa arahato sammāsambuddhassa appossukkatāya cittaṃ namati , no dhammadesanāyā’’ti. Atha kho brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘desetu, bhante, bhagavā dhammaṃ, desetu sugato dhammaṃ. Santi sattā apparajakkhajātikā, assavanatā dhammassa parihāyanti. Bhavissanti dhammassa aññātāro’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca –

尔时,娑诃巴帝梵天以心遍知世尊心中之思惟,生起如此想法:「世间确实要毁灭了!世间确实要消失了!如来、阿拉汉、正自觉者的心竟倾向于不事事,而不是说法!」尔时,娑诃巴帝梵天——犹如有力之人伸展弯曲的手臂,或弯曲伸展的手臂——如是从梵天界消失,出现在世尊面前。尔时,娑诃巴帝梵天将上衣偏袒一肩,以右膝触地,向世尊合掌后,对世尊如此说:「尊者!请世尊说法!请善逝说法!有诸有情少垢性者,若不闻法则会退堕。他们将成为了知法者。」娑诃巴帝梵天如此说,如此说已,又如此说:

‘‘Pāturahosi magadhesu pubbe,

「以前在马嘎达人中出现，」

Dhammo asuddho samalehi cintito;

为有垢者所思惟；

Apāpuretaṃ amatassa dvāraṃ,

请开此甘露之门，令闻无垢者所证之法。

Suṇantu dhammaṃ vimalenānubuddhaṃ.

「犹如立于山顶之石岩上者，

‘‘Sele yathā pabbatamuddhaniṭṭhito,

能见周围诸人；

Yathāpi passe janataṃ samantato;

如是，善慧者，具一切眼者——

Tathūpamaṃ dhammamayaṃ sumedha,

请登法之楼阁，

Pāsādamāruyha samantacakkhu;

自离忧愁，观察为生老所迫之人群。

Sokāvatiṇṇaṃ janatamapetasoko,

「起来吧，英雄！胜利者！

Avekkhassu jātijarābhibhūtaṃ.

商队之主，无债者，游于世间；

‘‘Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma,

愿世尊说法，将有了解者。」

Satthavāha anaṇa vicara loke;

无债的商主在世间游行;

Desassu bhagavā dhammaṃ,

世尊请说法,

Aññātāro bhavissantī’’ti.

将会有了知者。」

Atha kho bhagavā brahmuno ca ajjhesanaṃ viditvā sattesu ca kāruññataṃ paṭicca buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesi. Addasā kho bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Seyyathāpi nāma uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni anto nimuggaposīni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni samodakaṃ ṭhitāni, appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakā accuggamma ṭhitāni anupalittāni udakena; evameva bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento addasa satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye svākāre dvākāre suviññāpaye duviññāpaye, appekacce paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante, appekacce na paralokavajjabhayadassāvine viharante. Disvāna brahmānaṃ sahampatiṃ gāthāya paccabhāsi –

那时,世尊知道了梵天的请求,并且出于对众生的悲悯,以佛眼审视世间。世尊以佛眼审视世间,看见众生有少尘垢者、多尘垢者,有利根者、钝根者,有善相者、恶相者,有易教导者、难教导者,一些住于见来世罪过和怖畏,一些不住于见来世罪过和怖畏。犹如在青莲池或红莲池或白莲池中,一些青莲或红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、没入水下而滋养,一些青莲或红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、立于水面,一些青莲或红莲或白莲生于水中、长于水中、出离水面而立、不被水所沾染;正是如此,世尊以佛眼审视世间,看见众生有少尘垢者、多尘垢者,有利根者、钝根者,有善相者、恶相者,有易教导者、难教导者,一些住于见来世罪过和怖畏,一些不住于见来世罪过和怖畏。见已,以偈颂回答梵天萨含巴帝──

‘‘Apārutā tesaṃ amatassa dvārā,

「为彼等开甘露之门，

Ye sotavanto pamuñcantu saddhaṃ;

有耳者当舍弃信仰；

Vihiṃsasaññī paguṇaṃ na bhāsiṃ,

梵天啊！因虑其害，我未说——

Dhammaṃ paṇītaṃ manujesu brahme’’ti.

微妙之法于人间。」

Atha kho brahmā sahampati ‘‘katāvakāso khomhi bhagavatā dhammadesanāyā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

那时娑婆主梵天想：「我已得世尊说法之机会」，顶礼世尊、右绕后，即于彼处消失。

2. Gāravasuttaṃ2. 恭敬经

§173

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā uruvelāyaṃ viharati najjā nerañjarāya tīre ajapālanigrodhamūle paṭhamābhisambuddho. Atha kho bhagavato rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘‘dukkhaṃ kho agāravo viharati appatisso, kaṃ nu khvāhaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyya’’nti?

如是我闻：一时,世尊住在伍儒韦拉,尼连禅河岸边,山羊牧者榕树根下,初成正觉。时世尊独自禅思,心生如是思惟:「无恭敬而住是苦的,无尊重而住是苦的。我应恭敬、尊重哪位沙门或婆罗门,依止而住呢?」

Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘aparipuṇṇassa kho sīlakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ . Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā sīlasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

「无所恭敬、无所尊重而住，实为苦住。我应恭敬、尊重何沙门、婆罗门，依止而住，令我戒蕴未圆满者得圆满？然于天、魔、梵之世间，于沙门、婆罗门、天、人之众中，我不见有比我戒更具足之余沙门、婆罗门，令我可以恭敬、尊重，依止而住。

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho samādhikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke…pe… attanā samādhisampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

「为了圆满未圆满的定蕴,我应当尊敬、尊重某位沙门或婆罗门而依止住。然而,我不见在这包含天人的世间……在自己的定成就方面更殊胜的另一位沙门或婆罗门,我可以尊敬、尊重而依止住。

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa paññākkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake…pe… attanā paññāsampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

「为了成就未圆满的慧蕴,我应恭敬、尊重某位沙门或婆罗门而依止住。然而我在含天的世间,含魔、含梵天的世间,含沙门、婆罗门、天人、人的世代中,看不到比我自己更具足慧的任何其他沙门或婆罗门,我应恭敬、尊重而依止住。

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttikkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake…pe… attanā vimuttisampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ.

「为了圆满未圆满的解脱蕴,我应当尊敬、尊重另一位沙门或婆罗门,依靠而住。然而,我在包括天在内的世间中,看不到在解脱上比我自己更具足的另一位沙门或婆罗门,我可以尊敬、尊重他,依靠而住。

‘‘Aparipuṇṇassa kho vimuttiñāṇadassanakkhandhassa pāripūriyā aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Na kho panāhaṃ passāmi sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya attanā vimuttiñāṇadassanasampannataraṃ aññaṃ samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā, yamahaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyyaṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yvāyaṃ dhammo mayā abhisambuddho tameva dhammaṃ sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihareyya’’nti.

「我应恭敬、尊重何沙门、婆罗门，依止而住，令我解脱知见蕴未圆满者得圆满？然于天、魔、梵之世间，于沙门、婆罗门、天、人之众中，我不见有比我解脱知见更具足之余沙门、婆罗门，令我可以恭敬、尊重，依止而住。我所自证觉悟之法——我即应恭敬、尊重此法，依止而住。」

Atha kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito bhagavato purato pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evametaṃ , bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata! Yepi te, bhante, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā, tepi bhagavanto dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya vihariṃsu; yepi te, bhante, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharissanti. Bhagavāpi, bhante, etarahi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho dhammaññeva sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharatū’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā athāparaṃ etadavoca –

那时,娑婆主梵天以心知道世尊的心中思惟——犹如有力的男子能伸曲的手臂或曲伸开的手臂——如是从梵天界消失,在世尊面前出现。那时,娑婆主梵天使上衣披在一肩,向世尊合掌,对世尊如是说:「确实如此,世尊!确实如此,善逝!尊者,那些过去时的阿拉汉、正自觉者们,那些世尊们也恭敬法、尊重法、依靠法而住;尊者,那些未来时的阿拉汉、正自觉者们,那些世尊们也将恭敬法、尊重法、依靠法而住。尊者,愿世尊现在亦是阿拉汉、正自觉者,恭敬法、尊重法、依靠法而住。」娑婆主梵天说此,说此后,又进一步如是说——

‘‘Ye ca atītā sambuddhā, ye ca buddhā anāgatā;

「过去之诸正觉者，未来之诸佛陀，

Yo cetarahi sambuddho, bahūnaṃ sokanāsano.

以及现在之正觉者，除灭多人忧者。

‘‘Sabbe saddhammagaruno, vihaṃsu viharanti ca;

「一切皆恭敬正法，已住、今住、

Tathāpi viharissanti, esā buddhāna dhammatā.

及将住——此乃诸佛之法性。

‘‘Tasmā hi attakāmena , mahattamabhikaṅkhatā;

「是故爱自己者，冀求伟大者，

Saddhammo garukātabbo, saraṃ buddhāna sāsana’’nti.

应敬重正法，忆念诸佛之教。」

3. Brahmadevasuttaṃ3. 梵天天经

§174

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññatarissā brāhmaṇiyā brahmadevo nāma putto bhagavato santike agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti.

如是我闻：一时，世尊住在沙瓦提城祇树给孤独园。那时某婆罗门女之子名梵天提婆，于世尊处出家，自俗家入非家。

Atha kho āyasmā brahmadevo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti , vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā brahmadevo arahataṃ ahosi.

那时梵天提婆尊者独住、远离、不放逸、热忱、精勤而住，不久——即于现法中，以自通智作证、成就、具足而住，是诸善男子由俗家正出家至非家之无上梵行究竟。他证知：「生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不受后有。」梵天提婆尊者成为阿拉汉中之一。

Atha kho āyasmā brahmadevo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Sāvatthiyaṃ sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caramāno yena sakamātu nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato brahmadevassa mātā brāhmaṇī brahmuno āhutiṃ niccaṃ paggaṇhāti . Atha kho brahmuno sahampatissa etadahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ kho āyasmato brahmadevassa mātā brāhmaṇī brahmuno āhutiṃ niccaṃ paggaṇhāti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ taṃ upasaṅkamitvā saṃvejeyya’’nti. Atha kho brahmā sahampati – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – brahmaloke antarahito āyasmato brahmadevassa mātu nivesane pāturahosi. Atha kho brahmā sahampati vehāsaṃ ṭhito āyasmato brahmadevassa mātaraṃ brāhmaṇiṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

那时,具寿梵天于午前时分着衣持钵衣进入沙瓦提城托钵。在沙瓦提城依次行乞食时,前往自己母亲的住所。那时,具寿梵天的母亲是位婆罗门女,她常常向梵天举起祭品。那时,梵天娑含帕帝生起此念:「这位具寿梵天的母亲是婆罗门女,她常常向梵天举起祭品。我何不前往使她震惊呢?」那时,梵天娑含帕帝——就如有力男子伸展屈曲的手臂,或屈曲伸展的手臂那样——如是从梵天界消失,出现在具寿梵天的母亲的住所。那时,梵天娑含帕帝站立在空中,以偈颂对具寿梵天的母亲婆罗门女说:

‘‘Dūre ito brāhmaṇi brahmaloko,

「婆罗门女，离此甚远是梵天界，

Yassāhutiṃ paggaṇhāsi niccaṃ;

你常奉上之供品；

Netādiso brāhmaṇi brahmabhakkho,

婆罗门女，梵天并不食此等供物，

Kiṃ jappasi brahmapathaṃ ajānaṃ .

你何故唠叨不知之梵道？

‘‘Eso hi te brāhmaṇi brahmadevo,

「婆罗门女，此是你之梵天提婆，

Nirūpadhiko atidevapatto;

已离诸依、超诸天；

Akiñcano bhikkhu anaññaposī,

无一物之比库，不养他人者——

Yo te so piṇḍāya gharaṃ paviṭṭho.

即入你家乞食者。

‘‘Āhuneyyo vedagu bhāvitatto,

「应供养者、通达明者、修身者，

Narānaṃ devānañca dakkhiṇeyyo;

为人天之应受供养者；

Bāhitvā pāpāni anūpalitto,

除恶而不染，寻求资具而行——清凉者。

Ghāsesanaṃ iriyati sītibhūto.

「于他无过去、未来之忧，

‘‘Na tassa pacchā na puratthamatthi,

寂静、无烟、无恼、无望；

Santo vidhūmo anigho nirāso;

于动不动之生灵皆舍杖者——

Nikkhittadaṇḍo tasathāvaresu,

愿彼享用你之供品、最胜之食。

So tyāhutiṃ bhuñjatu aggapiṇḍaṃ.

……（重复变化，省略）……

‘‘Visenibhūto upasantacitto,

「出离军旅者、心寂静者，

Nāgova danto carati anejo;

如调御之龙象，无激动而行；

Bhikkhu susīlo suvimuttacitto,

善戒之比库、善解脱心者，

So tyāhutiṃ bhuñjatu aggapiṇḍaṃ.

愿彼享用你之供品、最胜之食。

‘‘Tasmiṃ pasannā avikampamānā,

「于彼净信、不动摇，

Patiṭṭhapehi dakkhiṇaṃ dakkhiṇeyye;

树立供养于应受供养者；

Karohi puññaṃ sukhamāyatikaṃ,

作福德以得未来之安乐，

Disvā muniṃ brāhmaṇi oghatiṇṇa’’nti.

婆罗门女，见度瀑流之牟尼。」

‘‘Tasmiṃ pasannā avikampamānā,

「于彼净信、不动摇，

Patiṭṭhapesi dakkhiṇaṃ dakkhiṇeyye;

她树立供养于应受供养者；

Akāsi puññaṃ sukhamāyatikaṃ,

作福德以得未来之安乐，

Disvā muniṃ brāhmaṇī oghatiṇṇa’’nti.

婆罗门女见度瀑流之牟尼。」

4. Bakabrahmasuttaṃ4. 巴咖梵天经

§175

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bakassa brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘idaṃ niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuvaṃ, idaṃ sassataṃ, idaṃ kevalaṃ, idaṃ acavanadhammaṃ, idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati, ito ca panaññaṃ uttariṃ nissaraṇaṃ natthī’’ti.

如是我闻：一时,世尊住在沙瓦提城祇树给孤独园。尔时,婆咖梵天生起如是恶见:「此是常,此是恒,此是永恒,此是全部,此是不坏法,此实不生、不老、不死、不灭、不再生,而且从此更无其他出离。」

Atha kho bhagavā bakassa brahmuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Addasā kho bako brahmā bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ehi kho mārisa, svāgataṃ te, mārisa! Cirassaṃ kho mārisa! Imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Idañhi, mārisa, niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuvaṃ, idaṃ sassataṃ, idaṃ kevalaṃ, idaṃ acavanadhammaṃ, idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati. Ito ca panaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇaṃ natthī’’ti.

尔时,世尊以心了知巴咖梵天的心思之后——如同有力的男子伸展弯曲的手臂,或弯曲伸展的手臂那样迅速——从揭德林消失,出现在那梵天界。巴咖梵天看见世尊从远处来,看见后对世尊这样说:「来吧,亲爱的先生!欢迎您,亲爱的先生!亲爱的先生,已经很久了!您作了这样的安排,就是来到此处。亲爱的先生,这是常的,这是恒的,这是永恒的,这是完全的,这是不灭法,这实在不生、不老、不死、不灭没、不再生。而且从此之外,没有其他更高的出离。」

Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā bakaṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘avijjāgato vata, bho, bako brahmā; avijjāgato vata, bho, bako brahmā. Yatra hi nāma aniccaṃyeva samānaṃ niccanti vakkhati, adhuvaṃyeva samānaṃ dhuvanti vakkhati, asassataṃyeva samānaṃ sassatanti vakkhati, akevalaṃyeva samānaṃ kevalanti vakkhati, cavanadhammaṃyeva samānaṃ acavanadhammanti vakkhati. Yattha ca pana jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca, tañca tathā vakkhati – ‘idañhi na jāyati na jīyati na mīyati na cavati na upapajjati’. Santañca panaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇaṃ, ‘natthaññaṃ uttari nissaraṇa’nti vakkhatī’’ti.

如是说时,世尊对巴咖梵天如是说——「确实到达无明了,先生,巴咖梵天;确实到达无明了,先生,巴咖梵天。在那里,他将说无常的是常,将说不稳固的是稳固,将说非恒的是恒,将说不遍的是遍,将说属坏灭法的是非坏灭法。而在那会生、会老、会死、会死没、会再生之处,他却如是说——『在此不生、不老、不死、不死没、不再生』。而有其他更上的出离存在,他却说『没有其他更上的出离』。」

‘‘Dvāsattati gotama puññakammā,

「果德玛啊，我等七十二人具福业者，

Vasavattino jātijaraṃ atītā;

得自在、超生老；

Ayamantimā vedagū brahmupapatti,

此是最终明智者之梵天之生——

Asmābhijappanti janā anekā’’ti.

多人对我称颂。」

‘‘Appañhi etaṃ na hi dīghamāyu,

「婆伽啊，此寿短非长，

Yaṃ tvaṃ baka maññasi dīghamāyuṃ;

你所思长寿者；

Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,

百千尼罗浮陀之寿，

Āyuṃ pajānāmi tavāhaṃ brahme’’ti.

梵天，我知你之寿。」

‘‘Anantadassī bhagavāhamasmi,

「世尊，我是无边见者，

Jātijaraṃ sokamupātivatto;

已越生老与忧愁；

Kiṃ me purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

往昔我行何戒律？

Ācikkha me taṃ yamahaṃ vijaññā’’ti.

请告我令我知。」

‘‘Yaṃ tvaṃ apāyesi bahū manusse,

「昔你曾令多人得饮，

Pipāsite ghammani samparete;

于旱暑所苦之饥渴者；

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

此是你昔之戒行，

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

犹如睡醒者我忆念。

‘‘Yaṃ eṇikūlasmiṃ janaṃ gahītaṃ,

「昔于伊尼河畔被捉之人，

Amocayī gayhakaṃ nīyamānaṃ;

被绑带去者你令得解脱；

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

此是你昔之戒行，

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

犹如睡醒者我忆念。

‘‘Gaṅgāya sotasmiṃ gahītanāvaṃ,

「于恒河流中被凶恶龙所捉之船，

Luddena nāgena manussakamyā;

欲食人肉者；

Pamocayittha balasā pasayha,

你强力解救；

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

此是你昔之戒行，

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmi.

犹如睡醒者我忆念。

‘‘Kappo ca te baddhacaro ahosiṃ,

「我曾是名劫波之徒弟，

Sambuddhimantaṃ vatinaṃ amaññi;

你认为是具正觉与具戒者；

Taṃ te purāṇaṃ vatasīlavattaṃ,

此是你昔之戒行，

Suttappabuddhova anussarāmī’’ti.

犹如睡醒者我忆念。」

‘‘Addhā pajānāsi mametamāyuṃ,

「确实你知我之此寿，

Aññepi jānāsi tathā hi buddho;

亦知其他，如佛一般；

Tathā hi tyāyaṃ jalitānubhāvo,

如是你之光辉，

Obhāsayaṃ tiṭṭhati brahmaloka’’nti.

照耀住立于梵天界。」

5. Aññatarabrahmasuttaṃ5. 某梵天经

§176

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa brahmuno evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti – ‘‘natthi so samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā yo idha āgaccheyyā’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā tassa brahmuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho bhagavā tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā.

沙瓦提因缘。那时某梵天生如是恶见：「凡沙门、婆罗门能来此者实无。」那时世尊以心知彼梵天心中所思，犹如力士屈伸其臂，即于揭达林隐没，现于彼梵天界。那时世尊于彼梵天上之虚空中结跏趺坐，入于火界定。

Atha kho āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisinnaṃ tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno puratthimaṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

那时,具寿大摩嘎剌那心想:「世尊现在住在哪里呢?」具寿大摩嘎剌那以清净、超越人界的天眼看见世尊在那位梵天上方的空中结跏趺坐、进入火界。看见后——犹如有力的男子伸展屈曲的手臂,或屈曲伸展的手臂那样——他在揭德林消失,在那梵天界出现。那时,具寿大摩嘎剌那依靠东方,在那位梵天上方的空中结跏趺坐,进入火界,比世尊低一些。

Atha kho āyasmato mahākassapassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā…pe… disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

那时,具寿大咖沙巴生起这样的想法:「世尊现在住在哪里呢?」具寿大咖沙巴以天眼看见世尊……看见后——就像有力气的男子……同样地——在揭达林隐没,在那梵天界出现。那时,具寿大咖沙巴依靠南方,在那位梵天的上方以跏趺坐住在虚空中,进入火界定,比世尊低一些。

Atha kho āyasmato mahākappinassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā mahākappino bhagavantaṃ dibbena cakkhunā…pe… tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – jetavane antarahito tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākappino pacchimaṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

那时,具寿玛哈咖毕那生起这样的想法:「世尊现在住在哪里呢?」具寿玛哈咖毕那以天眼看见世尊……入于火界。看见后——犹如有力之人……——就这样——在揭德林消失,在那梵天界出现。那时,具寿玛哈咖毕那依靠西方,在那位梵天上方的虚空中盘腿而坐,入于火界,比世尊低。

Atha kho āyasmato anuruddhassa etadahosi – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho bhagavā etarahi viharatī’’ti? Addasā kho āyasmā anuruddho…pe… tejodhātuṃ samāpannaṃ. Disvāna – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahosi. Atha kho āyasmā anuruddho uttaraṃ disaṃ nissāya tassa brahmuno upari vehāsaṃ pallaṅkena nisīdi tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā nīcataraṃ bhagavato.

那时,具寿阿奴卢塔生起了这样的念头:「世尊现在住在哪里呢?」具寿阿奴卢塔看见……(省略)……入火界。见后——就如同有力的男子会伸直弯曲的手臂,或弯曲伸直的手臂那样迅速地——在那个梵天界出现。那时,具寿阿奴卢塔依靠北方,在那位梵天的上方空中结跏趺坐,入了火界,比世尊低一点。

Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṃ brahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

那时马哈摩嘎剌那尊者以偈对彼梵天言:

‘‘Ajjāpi te āvuso sā diṭṭhi, yā te diṭṭhi pure ahu;

「贤友，今日你是否仍有昔日之见？

Passasi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassara’’nti.

你是否见梵天界之光辉超越者？」

‘‘Na me mārisa sā diṭṭhi, yā me diṭṭhi pure ahu;

「尊者，我已无昔日之见；

Passāmi vītivattantaṃ, brahmaloke pabhassaraṃ;

我见梵天界之光辉超越者；

Svāhaṃ ajja kathaṃ vajjaṃ, ahaṃ niccomhi sassato’’ti.

今日我如何能说『我是常、恒』？」

Atha kho bhagavā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejetvā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – tasmiṃ brahmaloke antarahito jetavane pāturahosi. Atha kho so brahmā aññataraṃ brahmapārisajjaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, mārisa, yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘atthi nu kho, mārisa moggallāna, aññepi tassa bhagavato sāvakā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā ; seyyathāpi bhavaṃ moggallāno kassapo kappino anuruddho’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, mārisā’’ti kho so brahmapārisajjo tassa brahmuno paṭissutvā yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, mārisa moggallāna, aññepi tassa bhagavato sāvakā evaṃmahiddhikā evaṃmahānubhāvā; seyyathāpi bhavaṃ moggallāno kassapo kappino anuruddho’’ti? Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno taṃ brahmapārisajjaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

于是,世尊使那位梵天感动后——犹如有力的男子伸展屈曲的手臂,或屈曲伸展的手臂,如是——从那个梵天界消失,出现在揭德林。于是,那位梵天召唤某位梵天众成员:「来吧,亲爱的,请你前往具寿玛哈摩嘎剌那处;前往后,请对具寿玛哈摩嘎剌那如是说:『亲爱的摩嘎剌那,是否还有彼世尊的其他弟子也是如此大神通、如此大威力;犹如尊者摩嘎剌那、咖沙巴、咖毕那、阿奴卢塔?』」「是的,亲爱的」,那位梵天众成员回答了那位梵天后,前往具寿玛哈摩嘎剌那处;前往后,对具寿玛哈摩嘎剌那如是说:「亲爱的摩嘎剌那,是否还有彼世尊的其他弟子也是如此大神通、如此大威力;犹如尊者摩嘎剌那、咖沙巴、咖毕那、阿奴卢塔?」于是,具寿玛哈摩嘎剌那以偈颂对那位梵天众成员说:

‘‘Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāyakovidā;

「通达三明、得神通者，善知他心者；

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakā’’ti.

漏尽之阿拉汉，佛陀之弟子有众多。」

Atha kho so brahmapārisajjo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā yena so brahmā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyasmā mārisa, mahāmoggallāno evamāha –

那时彼梵天之侍者欢喜、随喜马哈摩嘎剌那尊者之所说已，往彼梵天之处。到已对彼梵天言：「敬爱者，马哈摩嘎剌那尊者如是说：

‘‘Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāyakovidā;

「『通达三明、得神通者，善知他心者；

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakā’’ti.

漏尽之阿拉汉，佛陀之弟子有众多。』」

Idamavoca so brahmapārisajjo. Attamano ca so brahmā tassa brahmapārisajjassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.

彼梵天侍者如是说。彼梵天欢喜此梵天侍者之所说。

6. Brahmalokasuttaṃ6. 梵天界经

§177

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ upanissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā suddhāvāsaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘akālo kho tāva, mārisa, bhagavantaṃ payirupāsituṃ; divāvihāragato bhagavā paṭisallīno ca. Asuko ca brahmaloko iddho ceva phīto ca, brahmā ca tatra pamādavihāraṃ viharati. Āyāma, mārisa, yena so brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāma; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejeyyāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ , mārisā’’ti kho suddhāvāso paccekabrahmā subrahmuno paccekabrahmuno paccassosi.

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,世尊进入日住,正在独坐。那时,苏梵天独梵天与净居独梵天前往世尊所在之处;到达后,各自依靠门柱而站立。那时,苏梵天独梵天对净居独梵天这样说——「现在不是时候,朋友,亲近世尊;世尊进入了日住,正在独坐。某处梵天界既繁荣又喜悦,然而梵天在那里住于放逸住。来,朋友,让我们前往那个梵天界;到达后,让我们使那位梵天感到惊惧。」「是的,朋友」,净居独梵天应诺苏梵天独梵天。

Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso…pe… evameva – bhagavato purato antarahitā tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahesuṃ. Addasā kho so brahmā te brahmāno dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna te brahmāno etadavoca – ‘‘handa kuto nu tumhe, mārisā, āgacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Āgatā kho mayaṃ, mārisa, amha tassa bhagavato santikā arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Gaccheyyāsi pana tvaṃ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti?

那时独梵天苏梵授、独梵天净居，犹如力士……即于世尊面前隐没，现于彼梵天界。彼梵天远远见此二梵天来，见已对彼等言：「敬爱者，你等从何处来？」「敬爱者，我等从彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者之处来。敬爱者，你是否应去亲近供养彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者？」

Evaṃ vutto kho so brahmā taṃ vacanaṃ anadhivāsento sahassakkhattuṃ attānaṃ abhinimminitvā subrahmānaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘passasi me no tvaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti? ‘‘Passāmi kho tyāhaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti. ‘‘So khvāhaṃ, mārisa, evaṃmahiddhiko evaṃmahānubhāvo kassa aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā upaṭṭhānaṃ gamissāmī’’ti?

如此说已,那个梵天为了不接受那个话语,于自己化现千次后,对苏巴拉玛独梵天如此说──「尊者,你看见我这样的神通威力吗?」「尊者,我确实看见你这样的神通威力。」「尊者,像我这样大神通、这样大威力者,我怎么会去侍奉任何其他的沙门或婆罗门呢?」

Atha kho subrahmā paccekabrahmā dvisahassakkhattuṃ attānaṃ abhinimminitvā taṃ brahmānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘passasi me no tvaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti? ‘‘Passāmi kho tyāhaṃ, mārisa, evarūpaṃ iddhānubhāva’’nti. ‘‘Tayā ca kho, mārisa, mayā ca sveva bhagavā mahiddhikataro ceva mahānubhāvataro ca. Gaccheyyāsi tvaṃ, mārisa, tassa bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassā’’ti? Atha kho so brahmā subrahmānaṃ paccekabrahmānaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi –

那时,苏巴拉玛独觉梵天化现自己二千次后,对那位梵天这样说:「尊者,你看见我这样的神通威力吗?」「尊者,我确实看见你这样的神通威力。」「尊者,比你和我更殊胜的是世尊,更具大神通、更具大威力。尊者,你应该去侍奉彼世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。」那时,那位梵天以偈颂对苏巴拉玛独觉梵天说:

‘‘Tayo supaṇṇā caturo ca haṃsā,

「三金翅鸟、四天鹅、

Byagghīnisā pañcasatā ca jhāyino;

五百虎狐、禅修者；

Tayidaṃ vimānaṃ jalate ca brahme,

此宫殿照耀梵天，

Obhāsayaṃ uttarassaṃ disāya’’nti.

照耀北方之方位。」

‘‘Kiñcāpi te taṃ jalate vimānaṃ,

「任你宫殿如何光耀，

Obhāsayaṃ uttarassaṃ disāyaṃ;

照耀北方之方位；

Rūpe raṇaṃ disvā sadā pavedhitaṃ,

见色之过、常颤动者——

Tasmā na rūpe ramatī sumedho’’ti.

故善慧者不乐于色。」

Atha kho subrahmā ca paccekabrahmā suddhāvāso ca paccekabrahmā taṃ brahmānaṃ saṃvejetvā tatthevantaradhāyiṃsu . Agamāsi ca kho so brahmā aparena samayena bhagavato upaṭṭhānaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassāti.

那时，独梵天苏梵和独梵天净居令彼梵天惊悚后，即于彼处消失。然彼梵天后来终至亲近供养世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者。

7. Kokālikasuttaṃ7. 国咖利咖经

§178

沙瓦提因缘。尔时,世尊日间入处,入独坐。时,苏巴拉玛独梵与苏达瓦萨独梵诣世尊处;诣已,各依一门柱而立。时,苏巴拉玛独梵就国咖利咖比库之事在世尊面前说此偈——

‘‘Appameyyaṃ paminanto, kodha vidvā vikappaye;

「测量不可量者，智者谁于此分别论？

Appameyyaṃ pamāyinaṃ, nivutaṃ taṃ maññe puthujjana’’nti.

我思测量不可量者，是被遮蔽之凡夫。」

8. Katamodakatissasuttaṃ8. 咖德摩德咖提萨咖经

§179

沙瓦提缘起。尔时,世尊日住已,独坐。时,善梵天独梵天与净居天独梵天诣世尊处;诣已,各倚门柱而立。时,净居天独梵天于世尊面前,关于咖德摩德咖提萨咖比库,说此偈: 「咖德摩德咖提萨咖, 林中树下而坐, 修习死随念, 确实是大仙人。」时,善梵天独梵天于世尊面前,关于咖德摩德咖提萨咖比库,说此偈: 「咖德摩德咖提萨咖, 林中树下而坐, 修习死随念, 确实是大龙。」

‘‘Appameyyaṃ paminanto, kodha vidvā vikappaye;

「测量不可量者，智者谁于此分别论？

Appameyyaṃ pamāyinaṃ, nivutaṃ taṃ maññe akissava’’nti.

我思测量不可量者，是被遮蔽之无智者。」

9. Turūbrahmasuttaṃ9. 杜卢梵天经

§180

Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena kokāliko bhikkhu ābādhiko hoti dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. Atha kho turū paccekabrahmā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena kokāliko bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā vehāsaṃ ṭhito kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. ‘‘Kosi tvaṃ, āvuso’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ turū paccekabrahmā’’ti. ‘‘Nanu tvaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā anāgāmī byākato, atha kiñcarahi idhāgato? Passa, yāvañca te idaṃ aparaddha’’nti.

沙瓦提因缘。那时果咖利卡比库生病、苦恼、重病。那时独梵天都卢于深夜时分，光色殊胜，普照揭达林后，前往果咖利卡比库之处。到已立于空中，对果咖利卡比库言：「果咖利卡啊，于萨利子与摩嘎剌那处置信心！萨利子与摩嘎剌那是贤善者。」「贤友，你是谁？」「我是独梵天都卢。」「贤友，你不是世尊所记说为不来者吗？何故来至此处？见此过失！」

‘‘Purisassa hi jātassa, kuṭhārī jāyate mukhe;

「人既生已，口中生出斧头；

Yāya chindati attānaṃ, bālo dubbhāsitaṃ bhaṇaṃ.

因而斩伐自己，愚人出恶言。

‘‘Yo nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,

「凡赞叹应受呵责者，

Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;

或呵责应受赞叹者；

Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,

彼以口积恶——

Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindati.

因此恶，不得安乐。

‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ kali,

「以骰博财失败，

Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;

及失一切，连同自身——

Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,

此恶事小；

Ayameva mahantataro kali;

若向善逝心怀恶意，

Yo sugatesu manaṃ padosaye.

此恶事为更大。

‘‘Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,

「百千尼罗浮陀，

Chattiṃsati pañca ca abbudāni;

及三十六又五阿浮陀；

Yamariyagarahī nirayaṃ upeti,

呵责圣者堕地狱——

Vācaṃ manañca paṇidhāya pāpaka’’nti.

以语与意存恶者。」

10. Kokālikasuttaṃ10. 果咖利卡经

§181

Sāvatthinidānaṃ . Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘pāpicchā, bhante, sāriputtamoggallānā pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca; mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca. Pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi me, bhante, bhagavā saddhāyiko paccayiko; atha kho pāpicchāva bhante, sāriputtamoggallānā pāpikānaṃ icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca; mā hevaṃ, kokālika, avaca. Pasādehi, kokālika, sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ. Pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho kokāliko bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiñcāpi…pe… icchānaṃ vasaṃ gatā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā kokālikaṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mā hevaṃ…pe… pesalā sāriputtamoggallānā’’ti.

沙瓦提缘起。尔时,果咖离咖比库前往世尊之处;抵达后,礼敬世尊,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下后,果咖离咖比库对世尊如此说——「尊者,沙利子摩嘎剌那是恶欲者,已入恶欲之力」。如是所说时,世尊对果咖离咖比库如此说——「勿如此说,果咖离咖;勿如此说,果咖离咖。果咖离咖,请净信沙利子摩嘎剌那之心。沙利子摩嘎剌那是善良者」。第二次,果咖离咖比库对世尊如此说——「尊者,虽然世尊对我是可信者、可依者;然而尊者,沙利子摩嘎剌那确实是恶欲者,已入恶欲之力」。第二次,世尊对果咖离咖比库如此说——「勿如此说,果咖离咖;勿如此说,果咖离咖。果咖离咖,请净信沙利子摩嘎剌那之心。沙利子摩嘎剌那是善良者」。第三次,果咖离咖比库对世尊如此说——「尊者,虽然世尊对我是可信者、可依者;然而尊者,沙利子摩嘎剌那确实是恶欲者,已入恶欲之力」。第三次,世尊对果咖离咖比库如此说——「勿如此说,果咖离咖;勿如此说,果咖离咖。果咖离咖,请净信沙利子摩嘎剌那之心。沙利子摩嘎剌那是善良者」。

Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Acirapakkantassa ca kokālikassa bhikkhuno sāsapamattīhi pīḷakāhi sabbo kāyo phuṭo ahosi. Sāsapamattiyo hutvā muggamattiyo ahesuṃ, muggamattiyo hutvā kalāyamattiyo ahesuṃ, kalāyamattiyo hutvā kolaṭṭhimattiyo ahesuṃ, kolaṭṭhimattiyo hutvā kolamattiyo ahesuṃ, kolamattiyo hutvā āmalakamattiyo ahesuṃ, āmalakamattiyo hutvā beluvasalāṭukamattiyo ahesuṃ, beluvasalāṭukamattiyo hutvā billamattiyo ahesuṃ, billamattiyo hutvā pabhijjiṃsu. Pubbañca lohitañca pagghariṃsu. Atha kho kokāliko bhikkhu teneva ābādhena kālamakāsi . Kālaṅkato ca kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapajji sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā.

于是,戈咖哩咖比库从座起立,礼敬世尊,行右绕礼后离去。戈咖哩咖比库离去不久,全身生起芥子般大小的脓疱。芥子般大小的变成绿豆般大小的,绿豆般大小的变成豌豆般大小的,豌豆般大小的变成枣核般大小的,枣核般大小的变成枣般大小的,枣般大小的变成余甘子般大小的,余甘子般大小的变成木瓜核般大小的,木瓜核般大小的变成毗喇果般大小的,毗喇果般大小的破裂了。脓和血流出。于是,戈咖哩咖比库因此疾病而命终。戈咖哩咖比库命终后,因对沙利子和摩嘎剌那心怀怨恨,投生到钵头摩大地狱。

Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kokāliko, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato. Kālaṅkato ca, bhante, kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’’ti. Idamavoca brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

那时娑婆主梵天于深夜时分，光色殊胜，普照揭达林后前往世尊处。到已顶礼世尊，立于一面。立于一面之娑婆主梵天白世尊言：「尊者，果咖利卡比库已死。尊者，果咖利卡比库因对萨利子与摩嘎喇那之心怀瞋恨，堕钵昙摩地狱。」娑婆主梵天如是说已，顶礼世尊、右绕后，即于彼处消失。

Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘imaṃ, bhikkhave, rattiṃ brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, bhikkhave, brahmā sahampati maṃ etadavoca – ‘kokāliko, bhante, bhikkhu kālaṅkato. Kālaṅkato ca, bhante, kokāliko bhikkhu padumaṃ nirayaṃ upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’ti. Idamavoca, bhikkhave , brahmā sahampati, idaṃ vatvā maṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyī’’ti.

那时,世尊在那夜过后,告诉诸比库:「诸比库,这一夜,娑婆主梵天在深夜时分,以殊妙的容色照亮整个祇园后,来到我这里;来到后,向我礼敬,站立在一旁。诸比库,站立在一旁的娑婆主梵天对我这样说:『尊者,苦迦梨迦比库已命终。尊者,苦迦梨迦比库因对舍利弗和目犍连怀有恶心而命终,已投生于钵头摩地狱。』诸比库,娑婆主梵天说了这些,说了这些后,向我礼敬,作右绕后,就在那里消失了。」

Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīvadīghaṃ nu kho, bhante, padume niraye āyuppamāṇa’’nti? ‘‘Dīghaṃ kho, bhikkhu, padume niraye āyuppamāṇaṃ. Taṃ na sukaraṃ saṅkhātuṃ – ettakāni vassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatasahassāni iti vā’’ti. ‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā , bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca –

如是说已,有一位比库对世尊如是说:「尊者,究竟红莲地狱的寿量有多长?」「比库,红莲地狱的寿量很长。那不容易计算——多少年、多少百年、多少千年、多少十万年。」「尊者,然而可以作个譬喻吗?」「可以,比库们。」世尊说。

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho. Tato puriso vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena ekamekaṃ tilaṃ uddhareyya; khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhu, vīsatikhāriko kosalako tilavāho iminā upakkamena parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, na tveva eko abbudo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati abbudā nirayā, evameko nirabbudanirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati nirabbudā nirayā, evameko ababo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati ababā nirayā, evameko aṭaṭo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati aṭaṭā nirayā, evameko ahaho nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati ahahā nirayā, evameko kumudo nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati kumudā nirayā, evameko sogandhiko nirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati sogandhikā nirayā, evameko uppalanirayo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, vīsati uppalā nirayā, evameko puṇḍariko nirayo. Seyyathāpi , bhikkhu, vīsati puṇḍarikā nirayā, evameko padumo nirayo. Padume pana, bhikkhu, niraye kokāliko bhikkhu upapanno sāriputtamoggallānesu cittaṃ āghātetvā’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā, idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

「比库,譬如有一二十佉利的憍萨罗胡麻仓,从那里有一个人每经过百年百年之后取出一粒一粒的胡麻;比库,那二十佉利的憍萨罗胡麻仓以此方法很快就会耗尽、灭尽,但一个阿浮陀地狱却不是如此。比库,譬如有二十个阿浮陀地狱,如此为一个尼罗浮陀地狱。比库,譬如有二十个尼罗浮陀地狱,如此为一个阿波波地狱。比库,譬如有二十个阿波波地狱,如此为一个阿吒吒地狱。比库,譬如有二十个阿吒吒地狱,如此为一个阿诃诃地狱。比库,譬如有二十个阿诃诃地狱,如此为一个拘牟陀地狱。比库,譬如有二十个拘牟陀地狱,如此为一个须乾提地狱。比库,譬如有二十个须乾提地狱,如此为一个优钵罗地狱。比库,譬如有二十个优钵罗地狱,如此为一个奔荼利迦地狱。比库,譬如有二十个奔荼利迦地狱,如此为一个钵头摩地狱。而比库,咖咖利咖比库因对舍利弗和目犍连心怀嗔恨而投生在钵头摩地狱中。」

‘‘Purisassa hi jātassa,

「人既生已，

Kuṭhārī jāyate mukhe;

口中生出斧头；

Yāya chindati attānaṃ,

因而斩伐自己——

Bālo dubbhāsitaṃ bhaṇaṃ.

愚人出恶言。

‘‘Yo nindiyaṃ pasaṃsati,

「凡赞叹应受呵责者，

Taṃ vā nindati yo pasaṃsiyo;

或呵责应受赞叹者；

Vicināti mukhena so kaliṃ,

彼以口积恶——

Kalinā tena sukhaṃ na vindati.

因此恶，不得安乐。

‘‘Appamattako ayaṃ kali,

「以骰博财失败，

Yo akkhesu dhanaparājayo;

及失一切，连同自身——

Sabbassāpi sahāpi attanā,

此恶事小；

Ayameva mahantaro kali;

若向善逝心怀恶意，

Yo sugatesu manaṃ padosaye.

此恶事为更大。

‘‘Sataṃ sahassānaṃ nirabbudānaṃ,

「百千尼罗浮陀，

Chattiṃsati pañca ca abbudāni;

及三十六又五阿浮陀；

Yamariyagarahī nirayaṃ upeti,

呵责圣者堕地狱——

Vācaṃ manañca paṇidhāya pāpaka’’nti.

以语与意存恶者。」

Paṭhamo vaggo. · 第一品

Tassuddānaṃ –

摄颂曰：

Āyācanaṃ gāravo brahmadevo,

「劝请、恭敬、梵天提婆、

Bako ca brahmā aparā ca diṭṭhi;

婆伽梵天、别异见、

Pamādakokālikatissako ca,

放逸、果咖利卡、帝须、

Turū ca brahmā aparo ca kokālikoti.

都卢梵天、别果咖利卡。」

2. Dutiyavaggo

2. 第二品

1. Sanaṅkumārasuttaṃ1. 萨囊古玛拉经

§182

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati sappinītīre. Atha kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ sappinītīraṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

如是我闻：一时，世尊住在王舍城的酥畔河边。那时常童子梵天于深夜时分，光色殊胜，普照酥畔河边后前往世尊处；到已顶礼世尊，立于一面。立于一面之常童子梵天于世尊面前说此偈：

‘‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, ye gottapaṭisārino;

「刹帝利于族姓中最胜，诸回忆氏族者之中；

Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse’’ti.

明行具足，于人天之中最胜。」

Idamavoca brahmā sanaṅkumāro. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Atha kho brahmā sanaṅkumāro ‘‘samanuñño me satthā’’ti bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tatthevantaradhāyīti.

常童子梵天如是说。大师同意之。那时常童子梵天：「大师同意我」，顶礼世尊、右绕后，即于彼处消失。

2. Devadattasuttaṃ2. 迭瓦达德经

§183

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ gijjhakūṭaṃ pabbataṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati devadattaṃ ārabbha bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

如是我闻：一时,世尊住在王舍城灵鹫山,那时迭瓦达德刚离去不久。那时,娑婆主梵天在夜深时分,以极美之光辉照亮整座灵鹫山,然后前往世尊所在之处;到了之后,礼敬世尊,站立在一旁。站立在一旁的娑婆主梵天,关于迭瓦达德,在世尊面前说了这个偈颂——

‘‘Phalaṃ ve kadaliṃ hanti, phalaṃ veḷuṃ phalaṃ naḷaṃ;

「实如结果坏芭蕉，结果坏竹、坏芦苇；

Sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hanti, gabbho assatariṃ yathā’’ti.

供养坏恶人，如胎坏母骡。」

3. Andhakavindasuttaṃ3. 安德咖宾德经

§184

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā māgadhesu viharati andhakavinde. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hoti, devo ca ekamekaṃ phusāyati. Atha kho brahmā sahampati abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇo kevalakappaṃ andhakavindaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho brahmā sahampati bhagavato santike imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

一时,世尊住在马嘎达诸地的盲者林中。尔时,世尊于夜之黑暗时,坐于露地,天正一一下雨。时,梵天沙汉巴帝于夜已深时,以殊胜的光辉,照亮整个盲者林后,前往世尊所在之处;抵达后,向世尊礼敬,站立于一旁。站立于一旁的梵天沙汉巴帝,在世尊面前说此偈颂——

‘‘Sevetha pantāni senāsanāni,

「当亲近远处之卧坐处，

Careyya saṃyojanavippamokkhā;

应行以解脱诸结缚；

Sace ratiṃ nādhigaccheyya tattha,

若于彼处不得乐，

Saṅghe vase rakkhitatto satīmā.

则护己、具念住于僧中。

‘‘Kulākulaṃ piṇḍikāya caranto,

「次第家家行乞食，

Indriyagutto nipako satīmā;

护诸根、贤明、具念者；

Sevetha pantāni senāsanāni,

当亲近远处之卧坐处——

Bhayā pamutto abhaye vimutto.

从怖畏解脱、住于无畏。

‘‘Yattha bheravā sarīsapā ,

「于有可怖蛇、

Vijju sañcarati thanayati devo;

电闪雷鸣之天；

Andhakāratimisāya rattiyā,

于黑暗之夜——

Nisīdi tattha bhikkhu vigatalomahaṃso.

比库坐彼处、毛竖已离。

‘‘Idañhi jātu me diṭṭhaṃ, nayidaṃ itihītihaṃ;

「此实我已亲见，非从耳闻；

Ekasmiṃ brahmacariyasmiṃ, sahassaṃ maccuhāyinaṃ.

于一梵行中，舍死者一千。

‘‘Bhiyyo pañcasatā sekkhā, dasā ca dasadhā dasa;

「更五百之有学，十及十倍之十；

Sabbe sotasamāpannā, atiracchānagāmino.

一切入流，不堕畜生。

‘‘Athāyaṃ itarā pajā, puññabhāgāti me mano;

「余下之人——我意思惟者，有福德分；

Saṅkhātuṃ nopi sakkomi, musāvādassa ottapa’’nti .

我亦不能数，因怖妄语故。」

4. Aruṇavatīsuttaṃ4. 阿鲁那瓦蒂经

§185

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

如是我闻：一时，世尊住在沙瓦提……那时世尊告诸比库：「诸比库！」「尊者！」彼等比库应世尊。世尊如是说：

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā ahosi aruṇavā nāma. Rañño kho pana, bhikkhave, aruṇavato aruṇavatī nāma rājadhānī ahosi. Aruṇavatiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, rājadhāniṃ sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho upanissāya vihāsi. Sikhissa kho pana, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa abhibhūsambhavaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘āyāma, brāhmaṇa, yena aññataro brahmaloko tenupasaṅkamissāma, yāva bhattassa kālo bhavissatī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paccassosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhū ca bhikkhu – seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya evameva – aruṇavatiyā rājadhāniyā antarahitā tasmiṃ brahmaloke pāturahesuṃ.

诸比库,往昔有王名阿鲁那瓦。诸比库,阿鲁那瓦王有王都名阿鲁那瓦蒂。诸比库,世尊阿拉汉正自觉者西奇依止阿鲁那瓦蒂王都而住。诸比库,世尊阿拉汉正自觉者西奇有弟子双名阿毗胡桑跋瓦,是第一殊胜双。诸比库,世尊阿拉汉正自觉者西奇告诉比库阿毗胡:「来,婆罗门,我们去某个梵天界,直到食时到来。」诸比库,比库阿毗胡回答世尊阿拉汉正自觉者西奇:「是的,尊者。」诸比库,世尊阿拉汉正自觉者西奇和比库阿毗胡——譬如有力者伸曲之臂或曲伸之臂那样迅速——从阿鲁那瓦蒂王都消失,在彼梵天界出现。

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘paṭibhātu, brāhmaṇa, taṃ brahmuno ca brahmaparisāya ca brahmapārisajjānañca dhammī kathā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā, brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti – ‘acchariyaṃ vata , bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho, kathañhi nāma satthari sammukhībhūte sāvako dhammaṃ desessatī’’’ti !

比库们!那时,尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者告诉阿毗部比库:'婆罗门!请为梵天、梵天众、梵众天说法。''是的,尊者!'比库们!阿毗部比库应答尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者后,为梵天们、梵天众、梵众天们以法之说示现、劝导、激励、使之欢喜。比库们!于此,梵天、梵天众、梵众天们不满、非难、抱怨:'朋友!实在不可思议!朋友!实在未曾有!当老师在面前时,弟子怎能说法呢?'

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhuṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘ujjhāyanti kho te, brāhmaṇa, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca – acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, kathañhi nāma satthari sammukhībhūte sāvako dhammaṃ desessatīti! Tena hi tvaṃ brāhmaṇa, bhiyyosomattāya brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca saṃvejehī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā dissamānenapi kāyena dhammaṃ desesi, adissamānenapi kāyena dhammaṃ desesi, dissamānenapi heṭṭhimena upaḍḍhakāyena adissamānena uparimena upaḍḍhakāyena dhammaṃ desesi, dissamānenapi uparimena upaḍḍhakāyena adissamānena heṭṭhimena upaḍḍhakāyena dhammaṃ desesi. Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmā ca brahmaparisā ca brahmapārisajjā ca acchariyabbhutacittajātā ahesuṃ – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho, samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā’’’ti!

「诸比库!那时,尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者呼唤胜比库说:『婆罗门!梵天、梵众、梵伴正在喧哗:「实在不可思议啊,尊者!实在未曾有啊,尊者!为何当导师在面前时,弟子还说法!」那么,婆罗门!你应该更加令梵天们、梵众们、梵伴们震惊。』『是的,尊者!』诸比库!胜比库应诺尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者后,显现身体来说法,不显现身体来说法,显现下半身不显现上半身来说法,显现上半身不显现下半身来说法。诸比库!那时,梵天、梵众、梵伴确实生起了不可思议、未曾有之心:「实在不可思议啊,尊者!实在未曾有啊,尊者!沙门具有大神力、大威力!」」

‘‘Atha kho abhibhū bhikkhu sikhiṃ bhagavantaṃ arahantaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ etadavoca – ‘abhijānāmi khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhikkhusaṅghassa majjhe evarūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā – pahomi khvāhaṃ āvuso, brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpetu’nti. ‘Etassa, brāhmaṇa, kālo, etassa, brāhmaṇa, kālo; yaṃ tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, brahmaloke ṭhito sahassilokadhātuṃ sarena viññāpeyyāsī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bhante’ti kho, bhikkhave, abhibhū bhikkhu sikhissa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa paṭissutvā brahmaloke ṭhito imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

「然后,诸比库,阿毗浮比库对尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者如是言:『尊者,我忆念曾于比库僧中说如是言——我立于梵天界能以声音令千世界知。』『婆罗门,今正是时;婆罗门,今正是时。婆罗门,你立于梵天界,应以声音令千世界知。』『尊者,唯然!』诸比库,阿毗浮比库应尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者已,立于梵天界说此偈:

‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha , yuñjatha buddhasāsane;

「『努力、发勤，当于佛教中精进！

Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.

摧破死魔军，如象破苇舍。

‘‘Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;

「『于此法律中，若能不放逸而住，

Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti.

舍生死轮回，将作苦之终。』

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī ca bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho abhibhū ca bhikkhu brahmānañca brahmaparisañca brahmapārisajje ca saṃvejetvā – seyyathāpi nāma…pe… tasmiṃ brahmaloke antarahitā aruṇavatiyā rājadhāniyā pāturahesuṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, sikhī bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘assuttha no, tumhe, bhikkhave, abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti? ‘Assumha kho mayaṃ, bhante, abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti. ‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tumhe, bhikkhave, assuttha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’’’ti? Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, assumha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassa –

「那时,诸比库,尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者和阿毗浮比库震动梵天、梵众、梵伴之后——就像名叫……那样——从那个梵天界消失,在阿卢纳瓦帝王都出现。那时,诸比库,尸弃世尊、阿拉汉、正自觉者对诸比库说:『诸比库,你们听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界说偈颂吗?』『大德,我们听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界说偈颂。』『那么,诸比库,你们如何听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界说偈颂呢?』『大德,我们这样听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界说偈颂——

‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane;

「『我等所闻者如是：

Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.

努力、发勤，当于佛教中精进！

‘‘Yo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye, appamatto vihassati;

摧破死魔军，如象破苇舍。

Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti.

舍断生死轮回，将作苦的终结。

‘‘‘Evaṃ kho mayaṃ, bhante, assumha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’ti. ‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave; sādhu kho tumhe, bhikkhave! Assuttha abhibhussa bhikkhuno brahmaloke ṭhitassa gāthāyo bhāsamānassā’’’ti.

「尊者!我们就是这样听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界诵说偈颂的。」「善哉!善哉!比库们!善哉!比库们!你们听到阿毗浮比库站在梵天界诵说偈颂。」

Idamavoca bhagavā, attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

「『善哉、善哉，诸比库！善哉，诸比库！你等闻阿毗浮比库立于梵天界所说之偈。』」

5. Parinibbānasuttaṃ5. 般涅槃经

§186

Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kusinārāyaṃ viharati upavattane mallānaṃ sālavane antarena yamakasālānaṃ parinibbānasamaye. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave , āmantayāmi vo – ‘vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādethā’ti. Ayaṃ tathāgatassa pacchimā vācā’’.

一时，世尊住在拘尸那，马喇国乌帕瓦达那双沙罗树间般涅槃时。那时世尊告诸比库：「诸比库，现在我告诉你等：诸行是坏灭法，当以不放逸具足！」此是如来之最后语。

Atha kho bhagavā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Paṭhamā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākāsānañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Viññāṇañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākiñcaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samāpajji.

于是世尊进入第一禅那。从第一禅那出来后,进入第二禅那。从第二禅那出来后,进入第三禅那。从第三禅那出来后,进入第四禅那。从第四禅那出来后,进入空无边处。从空无边处出来后,进入识无边处。从识无边处出来后,进入无所有处。从无所有处出来后,进入非想非非想处。从非想非非想处出来后,进入想受灭。

Saññāvedayitanirodhā vuṭṭhahitvā nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākiñcaññāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Viññāṇañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samāpajji. Ākāsānañcāyatanā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Paṭhamā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Dutiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Tatiyā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā catutthaṃ jhānaṃ samāpajji. Catutthā jhānā vuṭṭhahitvā samanantaraṃ bhagavā parinibbāyi. Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā brahmā sahampati imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

从想受灭出来后,他进入非想非非想处。从非想非非想处出来后,他进入无所有处。从无所有处出来后,他进入识无边处。从识无边处出来后,他进入空无边处。从空无边处出来后,他进入第四禅那。从第四禅那出来后,他进入第三禅那。从第三禅那出来后,他进入第二禅那。从第二禅那出来后,他进入第一禅那。从第一禅那出来后,他进入第二禅那。从第二禅那出来后,他进入第三禅那。从第三禅那出来后,他进入第四禅那。从第四禅那出来后,世尊立即般涅槃。世尊般涅槃时,与般涅槃同时,梵天娑诃主念诵此偈:

‘‘Sabbeva nikkhipissanti, bhūtā loke samussayaṃ;

于世尊般涅槃时，梵天娑婆主随般涅槃说此偈：

Yattha etādiso satthā, loke appaṭipuggalo;

「世间一切有情，将舍五蕴之身；

Tathāgato balappatto, sambuddho parinibbuto’’ti.

如此之大师，世间无比者；

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā sakko devānamindo imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

力具足之如来、正觉者已般涅槃。」

‘‘Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;

于世尊般涅槃时，天萨咖随般涅槃说此偈：

Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho’’ti.

「诸行实无常，生灭之法性；

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā āyasmā ānando imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi –

生已即灭去，彼之寂灭乐。」

‘‘Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakaṃ, tadāsi lomahaṃsanaṃ;

于世尊般涅槃时，阿难尊者随般涅槃说此偈：

Sabbākāravarūpete, sambuddhe parinibbute’’ti.

「尔时有恐怖，尔时有身毛竖；

Parinibbute bhagavati saha parinibbānā āyasmā anuruddho imā gāthāyo abhāsi –

具一切殊胜之正觉者般涅槃时。」

‘‘Nāhu assāsapassāso, ṭhitacittassa tādino;

于世尊般涅槃时，阿奴卢塔尊者随般涅槃说此偈：

Anejo santimārabbha, cakkhumā parinibbuto .

「心住之如如者，无出入息，

‘‘Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;

无动、依寂静，具眼者般涅槃。

Pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahū’’ti.

犹如明灯之熄灭，心得解脱。

Dutiyo vaggo. · 第二品

Tassuddānaṃ –

其摄颂 –

Brahmāsanaṃ devadatto, andhakavindo aruṇavatī;

摄颂曰：

Parinibbānena ca desitaṃ, idaṃ brahmapañcakanti.

「梵天座、迭瓦达德、安达咖频陀、阿卢那瓦提、

Brahmasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ. · 梵天相应完