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10. Subhasuttaṃ · 10. 苏跋经

57 段 · CSCD 巴利原典
10. Subhasuttaṃ10. 苏跋经
Subhamāṇavavatthu苏跋学童事
§444
Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme aciraparinibbute bhagavati. Tena kho pana samayena subho māṇavo todeyyaputto sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati kenacideva karaṇīyena.
如是我闻:一时,具寿阿难住在沙瓦提城揭德林给孤独园,世尊般涅槃不久。尔时,学童苏跋·多德亚之子因某事住在沙瓦提城。
§445
Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto aññataraṃ māṇavakaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, māṇavaka, yena samaṇo ānando tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā mama vacanena samaṇaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ puccha – ‘subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchatī’ti. Evañca vadehi – ‘sādhu kira bhavaṃ ānando yena subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti.
于是学童苏跋·多德亚之子对某位学童说:'来吧,学童,你去沙门阿难那里;去到之后,以我的名义问候沙门阿难少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住:「学童苏跋·多德亚之子问候尊者阿难少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住。」并且这样说:「善哉,愿尊者阿难出于慈悯前往学童苏跋·多德亚之子的住处。」'
§446
‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho so māṇavako subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa paṭissutvā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so māṇavako āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati; evañca vadeti – ‘sādhu kira bhavaṃ ānando yena subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti.
'是的,尊者。'那位学童应诺学童苏跋·多德亚之子后,前往具寿阿难那里;到达后与具寿阿难互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的那位学童对具寿阿难这样说:'学童苏跋·多德亚之子问候尊者阿难少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住;并且这样说:「善哉,愿尊者阿难出于慈悯前往学童苏跋·多德亚之子的住处。」'
§447
Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando taṃ māṇavakaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘akālo kho, māṇavaka . Atthi me ajja bhesajjamattā pītā. Appevanāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā’’ti.
如是说已,具寿阿难对那位青年婆罗门如此说:「青年婆罗门,现在不是时候。我今日已服下药物。或许明日,如因缘、时间适合,我们将前往。」
‘‘Evaṃ, bho’’ti kho so māṇavako āyasmato ānandassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena subho māṇavo todeyyaputto tenupasaṅkami ; upasaṅkamitvā subhaṃ māṇavaṃ todeyyaputtaṃ etadavoca, ‘‘avocumhā kho mayaṃ bhoto vacanena taṃ bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ – ‘subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ appābādhaṃ appātaṅkaṃ lahuṭṭhānaṃ balaṃ phāsuvihāraṃ pucchati, evañca vadeti – ‘‘sādhu kira bhavaṃ ānando yena subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bho, samaṇo ānando maṃ etadavoca – ‘akālo kho, māṇavaka. Atthi me ajja bhesajjamattā pītā. Appevanāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāma kālañca samayañca upādāyā’ti. Ettāvatāpi kho, bho, katameva etaṃ, yato kho so bhavaṃ ānando okāsamakāsi svātanāyapi upasaṅkamanāyā’’ti.
'是的,尊者。'那位学童应诺具寿阿难后,从座起立,前往学童苏跋·多德亚之子那里;到达后对学童苏跋·多德亚之子这样说:'尊者,我们以您的名义对那位尊者阿难这样说了:「学童苏跋·多德亚之子问候尊者阿难少病、少恼、轻安、有力、安乐住,并且这样说:『善哉,愿尊者阿难出于慈悯前往学童苏跋·多德亚之子的住处。』」尊者,这样说后,沙门阿难对我这样说:「学童,现在不是时候。今天我已服药。或许明天我会前往,看时间和场合。」尊者,就这一点而言,这已经完成了,因为那位尊者阿难已经允诺明天也会前往。'
§448
Atha kho āyasmā ānando tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya cetakena bhikkhunā pacchāsamaṇena yena subhassa māṇavassa todeyyaputtassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi.
于是具寿阿难在那夜过后,上午时分穿好衣服,拿着钵和衣,以吉德咖比库为随行者,前往学童苏跋·多德亚之子的住处;到达后坐在已设置的座位上。
Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhavañhi ānando tassa bhoto gotamassa dīgharattaṃ upaṭṭhāko santikāvacaro samīpacārī. Bhavametaṃ ānando jāneyya, yesaṃ so bhavaṃ gotamo dhammānaṃ vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesi. Katamesānaṃ kho, bho ānanda, dhammānaṃ so bhavaṃ gotamo vaṇṇavādī ahosi; kattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti?
于是学童苏跋·多德亚之子前往具寿阿难那里;到达后与具寿阿难互相问候。交换了友好、值得忆念的话语后,在一旁坐下。坐在一旁的学童苏跋·多德亚之子对具寿阿难这样说:'尊者阿难长久以来是那位尊者果德玛的侍者、近侍者、亲近者。尊者阿难应该知道,那位尊者果德玛赞叹哪些法,在哪些方面劝导、安立、确立这些人众。尊者阿难,那位尊者果德玛赞叹哪些法?在哪些方面劝导、安立、确立这些人众?'
§449
‘‘Tiṇṇaṃ kho, māṇava, khandhānaṃ so bhagavā vaṇṇavādī ahosi; ettha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesi. Katamesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ? Ariyassa sīlakkhandhassa, ariyassa samādhikkhandhassa, ariyassa paññākkhandhassa. Imesaṃ kho, māṇava, tiṇṇaṃ khandhānaṃ so bhagavā vaṇṇavādī ahosi; ettha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti.
「青年婆罗门,彼世尊赞叹三蕴,并于此中劝导、安住、建立此大众。哪三蕴呢?圣戒蕴、圣定蕴、圣慧蕴。青年婆罗门,彼世尊赞叹此三蕴,并于此中劝导、安住、建立此大众。」
Sīlakkhandho戒蕴
§450
‘‘Katamo pana so, bho ānanda, ariyo sīlakkhandho, yassa so bhavaṃ gotamo vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti?
「那么,尊者阿难,什么是彼尊者果德玛所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立众人于其中的圣戒蕴呢?」
‘‘Idha, māṇava, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajopatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā, nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti. So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati. So evaṃ pabbajito samāno pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati, ācāragocarasampanno, anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, kāyakammavacīkammena samannāgato kusalena, parisuddhājīvo, sīlasampanno, indriyesu guttadvāro, satisampajaññena samannāgato, santuṭṭho.
「学童!于此,如来出现于世间,是阿拉汉、正自觉者、明行具足、善逝、世间解、无上调御丈夫、天人师、佛、世尊。他以自己的证智实证后,宣说这含天界、魔界、梵天界的世间,以及含沙门、婆罗门、天人的人群。他说法,初善、中善、后善,有义、有文,阐明完全圆满、遍净的梵行。 那个法,家主或家主之子,或生于其他某个家族者听闻。他听闻那个法后,对如来获得信。他具备那获得的信后,如是思量:『在家是障碍,是尘垢之路;出家是空旷处。住在家中,不容易行完全圆满、完全清净、如磨光的贝壳的梵行。我何不剃除须发,披着袈裟衣,从在家出家成为非家?』 他在后时,或舍弃小财富聚,或舍弃大财富聚,或舍弃小亲属圈,或舍弃大亲属圈,剃除须发,披着袈裟衣,从在家出家成为非家。 他如是出家后,具足巴帝摩卡律仪防护而住,具足行处与行境,在微细的罪过中见到怖畏,受持后在诸学处中学习,具足身业与语业,具足善,具足遍净的活命,具足戒,守护诸根门,具足念与正知,知足。」
§451
‘‘Kathañca, māṇava, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. Yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno, sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati; idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ. (Yathā 194 yāva 210 anucchedesu evaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ).
「学童,比库如何具足戒呢?学童,在此,比库舍断杀生,离杀生,放下棒,放下刀,有惭,有悲悯,住于对一切有息生类利益的同情。学童,比库舍断杀生,离杀生,放下棒,放下刀,有惭,有悲悯,住于对一切有息生类利益的同情;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断不与取,离不与取,取所与,期待所与,以不偷盗自住清净。学童,比库舍断不与取,离不与取,取所与,期待所与,以不偷盗自住清净;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断非梵行,实行梵行,住于远离,离淫欲法。学童,比库舍断非梵行,实行梵行,住于远离,离淫欲法;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断妄语,离妄语,说真实,紧系真实,坚固,可信赖,对世间不欺诳。学童,比库舍断妄语,离妄语,说真实,紧系真实,坚固,可信赖,对世间不欺诳;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断两舌,离两舌,从此处听而不为破坏彼等在彼处说,从彼处听而不为破坏此等在此处说,如是和合离间者,增益和合者,喜乐和合,欢喜和合,喜悦和合,说作和合之言语。学童,比库舍断两舌,离两舌,从此处听而不为破坏彼等在彼处说,从彼处听而不为破坏此等在此处说,如是和合离间者,增益和合者,喜乐和合,欢喜和合,喜悦和合,说作和合之言语;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断粗恶语,离粗恶语,凡是言语柔和、悦耳、可爱、深入心、优雅、众人所喜、众人所好,说如是类之言语。学童,比库舍断粗恶语,离粗恶语,凡是言语柔和、悦耳、可爱、深入心、优雅、众人所喜、众人所好,说如是类之言语;这是他在戒上的。 比库舍断杂秽语,离杂秽语,适时说,说实说,说义说,说法说,说律说,说具有价值、有理由、有分别、具有利益的言语。学童,比库舍断杂秽语,离杂秽语,适时说,说实说,说义说,说法说,说律说,说具有价值、有理由、有分别、具有利益的言语;这是他在戒上的。 比库离破坏种子类、破坏草木类。学童,比库离破坏种子类、破坏草木类;这是他在戒上的。 比库一日一食,夜离食,离非时食。学童,比库一日一食,夜离食,离非时食;这是他在戒上的。 比库离观听跳舞、歌唱、音乐、表演。学童,比库离观听跳舞、歌唱、音乐、表演;这是他在戒上的。 比库离持花鬘、香、涂香、庄严、装饰之因。学童,比库离持花鬘、香、涂香、庄严、装饰之因;这是他在戒上的。 比库离高床、大床。学童,比库离高床、大床;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受金银。学童,比库离受金银;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受生谷。学童,比库离受生谷;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受生肉。学童,比库离受生肉;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受女人、童女。学童,比库离受女人、童女;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受婢与仆。学童,比库离受婢与仆;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受山羊与羊。学童,比库离受山羊与羊;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受鸡与猪。学童,比库离受鸡与猪;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受象、牛、马、骡。学童,比库离受象、牛、马、骡;这是他在戒上的。 比库离受田地。学童,比库离受田地;这是他在戒上的。 比库离遣使、行使。学童,比库离遣使、行使;这是他在戒上的。 比库离买卖。学童,比库离买卖;这是他在戒上的。 比库离以秤欺诳、伪金属、伪度量。学童,比库离以秤欺诳、伪金属、伪度量;这是他在戒上的。 比库离贿赂、欺瞒、诈欺。学童,比库离贿赂、欺瞒、诈欺;这是他在戒上的。 比库离切断、杀害、缚、夺、掠、暴力。学童,比库离切断、杀害、缚、夺、掠、暴力;这是他在戒上的。
‘‘Yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti, seyyathidaṃ – santikammaṃ paṇidhikammaṃ bhūtakammaṃ bhūrikammaṃ vassakammaṃ vossakammaṃ vatthukammaṃ vatthuparikammaṃ ācamanaṃ nhāpanaṃ juhanaṃ vamanaṃ virecanaṃ uddhaṃvirecanaṃ adhovirecanaṃ sīsavirecanaṃ kaṇṇatelaṃ nettatappanaṃ natthukammaṃ añjanaṃ paccañjanaṃ sālākiyaṃ sallakattiyaṃ dārakatikicchā mūlabhesajjānaṃ anuppadānaṃ osadhīnaṃ paṭimokkho iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu yathā vā paneke bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā saddhādeyyāni bhojanāni bhuñjitvā te evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvena jīvitaṃ kappenti, seyyathidaṃ, santikammaṃ paṇidhikammaṃ…pe… osadhīnaṃ paṭimokkho iti vā iti evarūpāya tiracchānavijjāya micchājīvā paṭivirato hoti. Idampissa hoti sīlasmiṃ.
「又,某些尊敬的沙门婆罗门食用信施食物后,他们以这样的畜生明邪命维生,即:寂静法、祈愿法、鬼神法、地神法、亚卡法、非亚卡法、宅地法、宅地净化、漱口、沐浴、供火、催吐、下泻、向上泻、向下泻、头部泻、耳油、眼药、鼻药、眼膏、眼药涂敷、眼科、外科、儿科、根药的施与、药草的服用等等,这样的畜生明邪命,他远离。学童啊,比库又,某些尊敬的沙门婆罗门食用信施食物后,他们以这样的畜生明邪命维生,即:寂静法、祈愿法、鬼神法、地神法、亚卡法、非亚卡法、宅地法、宅地净化、漱口、沐浴、供火、催吐、下泻、向上泻、向下泻、头部泻、耳油、眼药、鼻药、眼膏、眼药涂敷、眼科、外科、儿科、根药的施与、药草的服用等等,这样的畜生明邪命,他远离。这也是他的戒。
§452
‘‘Sa kho so , māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. Seyyathāpi, māṇava, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto nihatapaccāmitto na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ paccatthikato. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ sīlasampanno na kutoci bhayaṃ samanupassati, yadidaṃ sīlasaṃvarato. So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, māṇava, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti.
「青年婆罗门,彼如此成就戒之比库,从戒的防护之故不见任何怖畏。青年婆罗门,譬如受灌顶刹帝利王,已降伏敌人,不见任何怖畏——从敌方而来。同样地,青年婆罗门,比库如此成就戒,从戒的防护之故不见任何怖畏。他成就此圣戒蕴而内心感受无罪之乐。青年婆罗门,如此比库成就戒。」
§453
‘‘Ayaṃ kho so, māṇava, ariyo sīlakkhandho yassa so bhagavā vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesi. Atthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya’’nti.
「青年婆罗门,此即是彼世尊所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立此大众于其中的圣戒蕴。而且在此之上尚有应作之事。」
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! So cāyaṃ, bho ānanda, ariyo sīlakkhandho paripuṇṇo, no aparipuṇṇo. Evaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ cāhaṃ, bho, ānanda, ariyaṃ sīlakkhandhaṃ ito bahiddhā aññesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu na samanupassāmi. Evaṃ paripuṇṇañca, bho ānanda, ariyaṃ sīlakkhandhaṃ ito bahiddhā aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇā attani samanupasseyyuṃ, te tāvatakeneva attamanā assu – ‘alamettāvatā, katamettāvatā, anuppatto no sāmaññattho, natthi no kiñci uttarikaraṇīya’nti. Atha ca pana bhavaṃ ānando evamāha – ‘atthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya’’’nti .
「奇哉,尊者阿难!希有哉,尊者阿难!此圣戒蕴是圆满的,不是不圆满的。尊者阿难,我在其他沙门、婆罗门中未见如此圆满之圣戒蕴。尊者阿难,若其他沙门、婆罗门在自身中见到如此圆满之圣戒蕴,他们亦会以此为满足:『此已足矣,此已作矣,我等沙门目标已达成,无更高之事可作。』然而尊者阿难却说:『在此之上尚有应作之事。』」
Samādhikkhandho定蕴
§454
‘‘Katamo pana so, bho ānanda, ariyo samādhikkhandho, yassa so bhavaṃ gotamo vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti?
「那么,尊者阿难,什么是彼尊者果德玛所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立众人于其中的圣定蕴呢?」
‘‘Kathañca, māṇava, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Evaṃ kho, māṇava, bhikkhu indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.
「青年婆罗门,比库如何守护诸根门呢?青年婆罗门,于此,比库以眼见色后不取相,不取细相。若使不守护眼根而住者贪、忧等诸恶不善法流入,他为守护此而行道。他守护眼根,于眼根中得守护。以耳闻声后……以鼻嗅香后……以舌尝味后……以身触所触后……以意识法后不取相,不取细相。若使不守护意根而住者贪、忧等诸恶不善法流入,他为守护此而行道。他守护意根,于意根中得守护。他成就此圣根防护而内心感受无杂染之乐。青年婆罗门,如此比库守护诸根门。」
§455
‘‘Kathañca, māṇava, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti? Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Evaṃ kho, māṇava, bhikkhu satisampajaññena samannāgato hoti.
「青年婆罗门,比库如何具念正知呢?青年婆罗门,于此,比库于前进、后退时正知而行,于观看、回视时正知而行,于屈伸肢体时正知而行,于持桑喀帝、衣、钵时正知而行,于饮食、咀嚼、品尝时正知而行,于大小便利时正知而行,于行、立、坐、卧、醒、语、默时正知而行。青年婆罗门,如此比库具念正知。」
§456
‘‘Kathañca, māṇava, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti? Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Seyyathāpi, māṇava, pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti, sapattabhārova ḍeti ; evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Evaṃ kho, māṇava, bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti.
「青年婆罗门,比库如何知足呢?青年婆罗门,于此,比库以护身之衣、护腹之食而知足。他无论前往何方,只携带这些即行。譬如有翼之鸟无论飞至何方,只携带双翼而飞。同样地,青年婆罗门,比库以护身之衣、护腹之食而知足。他无论前往何方,只携带这些即行。青年婆罗门,如此比库知足。」
§457
‘‘So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātappaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā, ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya, parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā.
他具备这圣戒蕴,具备这圣根律仪,具备这圣念与正知,具备这圣知足,他亲近远离的坐卧处——森林、树下、山岳、山洞、山窟、冢间、林丛、露地、稻草堆。他午食后,从行乞食归来,结跏趺坐,正直其身,使念现起于面前。
§458
‘‘So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti. Byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti. Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti. Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti. Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.
「他舍世间之贪,以离贪之心而住,令心从贪得净。舍嗔恨,以无嗔之心而住,对一切有情怀慈悲,令心从嗔恨得净。舍昏沉睡眠,远离昏沉睡眠,具光明想、具念正知,令心从昏沉睡眠得净。舍掉举追悔,无掉举而住,内心寂静,令心从掉举追悔得净。舍疑,远离疑,对诸善法无疑而住,令心从疑得净。」
§459
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojeyya. Tassa te kammantā samijjheyyuṃ. So yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni tāni ca byantiṃ kareyya, siyā cassa uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe iṇaṃ ādāya kammante payojesiṃ . Tassa me te kammantā samijjhiṃsu. Sohaṃ yāni ca porāṇāni iṇamūlāni tāni ca byantiṃ akāsiṃ, atthi ca me uttariṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ dārabharaṇāyā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
「学童啊,譬如有人举债后从事诸营生,他那些营生成功了,他既清偿了那些旧本债,又有剩余可供养妻子。他这样想:『我从前举债后从事诸营生,我那些营生成功了,我既清偿了那些旧本债,又有剩余可供养妻子。』他因此获得愉悦,获得喜悦。
§460
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso ābādhiko assa dukkhito bāḷhagilāno; bhattañcassa nacchādeyya, na cassa kāye balamattā. So aparena samayena tamhā ābādhā mucceyya, bhattañcassa chādeyya, siyā cassa kāye balamattā. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe ābādhiko ahosiṃ dukkhito bāḷhagilāno, bhattañca me nacchādesi, na ca me āsi kāye balamattā. Somhi etarahi tamhā ābādhā mutto bhattañca me chādeti, atthi ca me kāye balamattā’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
「学童,譬如有人生病、痛苦、重病,食物不能消化,身体没有力气。他在后来的时候从那个病痊愈了,食物能消化了,身体有了力气。他这样想:『我以前生病、痛苦、重病,食物不能消化,身体没有力气。我现在从那个病痊愈了,食物能消化,身体有了力气。』他从那个因缘获得欣悦,达到喜悦。
§461
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso bandhanāgāre baddho assa. So aparena samayena tamhā bandhanāgārā mucceyya sotthinā abbhayena, na cassa kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe bandhanāgāre baddho ahosiṃ. Somhi etarahi tamhā bandhanāgārā mutto sotthinā abbhayena, natthi ca me kiñci bhogānaṃ vayo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
「学童,譬如有人被缚在牢狱中。他在其后某时从那牢狱解脱,安全无畏,财物也无任何损失。他这样想:『我过去曾被缚在牢狱中。我现在从那牢狱解脱了,安全无畏,我的财物也无任何损失。』他因此获得欣悦,获得喜悦。
§462
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso dāso assa anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. So aparena samayena tamhā dāsabyā mucceyya, attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe dāso ahosiṃ anattādhīno parādhīno na yenakāmaṃgamo. Somhi etarahi tamhā dāsabyā mutto attādhīno aparādhīno bhujisso yenakāmaṃgamo’ti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
「青年婆罗门,譬如有人为奴,非自主,受他主宰,不能随意而行。他后来从奴役中解脱,成为自主、不受他主宰、自由而随意而行者。他如此思惟:『我前为奴,非自主,受他主宰,不能随意而行。今从奴役中解脱,成为自主、不受他主宰、自由而随意而行。』因此他获得欣悦,感受快乐。」
§463
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjeyya dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. So aparena samayena taṃ kantāraṃ nitthareyya, sotthinā gāmantaṃ anupāpuṇeyya khemaṃ appaṭibhayaṃ. Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho pubbe sadhano sabhogo kantāraddhānamaggaṃ paṭipajjiṃ dubbhikkhaṃ sappaṭibhayaṃ. Somhi etarahi kantāraṃ nitthiṇṇo, sotthinā gāmantaṃ anuppatto khemaṃ appaṭibhaya’nti. So tatonidānaṃ labhetha pāmojjaṃ, adhigaccheyya somanassaṃ.
「青年婆罗门,譬如有人有财、有物,踏上荒野长途——饥荒险路。他后来越过此荒野,安全地、平安地到达村庄边缘——一个安稳之地。他如此思惟:『我前有财、有物,踏上荒野长途——饥荒险路。今已越过此荒野,安全地、平安地到达村庄边缘——一个安稳之地。』因此他获得欣悦,感受快乐。」
§464
‘‘Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu yathā iṇaṃ yathā rogaṃ yathā bandhanāgāraṃ yathā dāsabyaṃ yathā kantāraddhānamaggaṃ, evaṃ ime pañca nīvaraṇe appahīne attani samanupassati.
「同样地,青年婆罗门,比库视五盖未断时如负债、如疾病、如监狱、如奴役、如荒野长途。」
§465
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, yathā āṇaṇyaṃ yathā ārogyaṃ yathā bandhanāmokkhaṃ yathā bhujissaṃ yathā khemantabhūmiṃ. Evameva bhikkhu ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassati.
「青年婆罗门,譬如无债、无病、出狱、自由、安稳之地。同样地,青年婆罗门,比库视此五盖已断时如是。」
§466
‘‘Tassime pañca nīvaraṇe pahīne attani samanupassato pāmojjaṃ jāyati, pamuditassa pīti jāyati, pītimanassa kāyo passambhati, passaddhakāyo sukhaṃ vedeti, sukhino cittaṃ samādhiyati.
「于自身中观见此五盖已断,他生起欣悦;欣悦者生起喜;喜意者身得轻安;身轻安者感受乐;有乐者心得定。」
§467
‘‘So vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
「他离欲、离不善法,有寻、有伺,由离生喜乐,成就并安住于初禅那。他以由离生之喜乐遍满此身、充满、令满足、遍覆,使其全身无处不被由离生之喜乐所充满。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, dakkho nhāpako vā nhāpakantevāsī vā kaṃsathāle nhānīyacuṇṇāni ākiritvā udakena paripphosakaṃ paripphosakaṃ sandeyya. Sāyaṃ nhānīyapiṇḍi snehānugatā snehaparetā santarabāhirā phuṭā snehena, na ca paggharaṇī. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ vivekajena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa vivekajena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampissa hoti samādhismiṃ.
「学童!譬如熟练的浴师或浴师的弟子,在铜盘中撒入浴粉后,以水一次又一次地洒湿,使其混合。那浴粉团被湿气渗透、被湿气充满,内外都被湿气浸润,却不滴水。同样地,学童!比库以离生的喜乐渗透此身、遍透、充满、遍满,他全身没有任何地方不被离生的喜乐遍及。学童!当比库离诸欲、离诸不善法,有寻、有伺,成就离生的喜乐,进入并住于第一禅那时,他以离生的喜乐渗透此身、遍透、充满、遍满,他全身没有任何地方不被离生的喜乐遍及。这是他在定中的成就。」
§468
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, māṇava, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
「复次,青年婆罗门,比库寻伺寂止,内心安定,心一境性,无寻、无伺,由定生喜乐,成就并安住于第二禅那。他以由定生之喜乐遍满此身、充满、令满足、遍覆,使其全身无处不被由定生之喜乐所充满。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , māṇava, udakarahado gambhīro ubbhidodako. Tassa nevassa puratthimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na dakkhiṇāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na pacchimāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, na uttarāya disāya udakassa āyamukhaṃ, devo ca na kālena kālaṃ sammā dhāraṃ anupaveccheyya. Atha kho tamhāva udakarahadā sītā vāridhārā ubbhijjitvā tameva udakarahadaṃ sītena vārinā abhisandeyya parisandeyya paripūreyya paripphareyya, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato udakarahadassa sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā… pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, so imameva kāyaṃ samādhijena pītisukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa samādhijena pītisukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampissa hoti samādhismiṃ.
「学童,譬如有一深水池,泉水涌出。它在东方没有水的入口,在南方没有水的入口,在西方没有水的入口,在北方没有水的入口,天神也不时时以正确的雨注使其充满。然而从那水池本身,清凉的水流涌出后,会遍流、流满、充满、溢满那水池,那水池全部没有任何一处不被清凉的水所遍触。同样地,学童,比库……学童,比库由于寻伺的止息……进入并安住于第二禅那,他以定生的喜乐遍流、流满、充满、溢满这个身体,他全身没有任何一处不被定生的喜乐所遍触。这对他来说就是属于定的。」
§469
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, māṇava, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno , sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’’ti, tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
「复次,青年婆罗门,比库远离喜,舍而住,正念正知,身感受乐,圣者所谓『舍、具念、乐住』,成就并安住于第三禅那。他以离喜之乐遍满此身、充满、令满足、遍覆,使其全身无处不被离喜之乐所充满。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, uppaliniyaṃ vā paduminiyaṃ vā puṇḍarīkiniyaṃ vā appekaccāni uppalāni vā padumāni vā puṇḍarīkāni vā udake jātāni udake saṃvaḍḍhāni udakānuggatāni antonimuggaposīni, tāni yāva caggā yāva ca mūlā sītena vārinā abhisannāni parisannāni paripūrāni paripphuṭāni, nāssa kiñci sabbāvataṃ uppalānaṃ vā padumānaṃ vā puṇḍarīkānaṃ vā sītena vārinā apphuṭaṃ assa. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ nippītikena sukhena abhisandeti parisandeti paripūreti parippharati, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa nippītikena sukhena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampissa hoti samādhismiṃ.
「学童,譬如在青莲池、红莲池或白莲池中,某些青莲、红莲或白莲生于水中,长于水中,不出水面,沉没于水下而滋养,它们从顶至根都被清凉的水浸润、遍润、充满、遍满,那些青莲、红莲或白莲没有任何部分未被清凉的水遍满。同样地,学童,比库……学童,比库以喜的褪去……进入并住于第三禅那。他以离喜之乐浸润此身、遍润、充满、遍满,他的全身没有任何部分未被离喜之乐遍满。这是他在定中的[成就]。」
§470
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, māṇava, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti; nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti.
「再者,学童,比库以舍断乐与舍断苦,先前喜忧已灭没故,成就不苦不乐、由舍与念清净的第四禅那而住。他以清净、明净的心遍满此身后而坐;他的全身没有任何地方不被清净、明净的心所遍满。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso odātena vatthena sasīsaṃ pārupitvā nisinno assa, nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa odātena vatthena apphuṭaṃ assa. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So imameva kāyaṃ parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena pharitvā nisinno hoti; nāssa kiñci sabbāvato kāyassa parisuddhena cetasā pariyodātena apphuṭaṃ hoti. Idampissa hoti samādhismiṃ.
「学童,犹如有人以白布覆盖全身而坐,他全身上下没有任何地方不被白布覆盖。同样地,学童,比库……正如,学童,比库舍断乐与舍断苦,先前喜与忧已灭没,进入并安住于不苦不乐、因舍而念清净的第四禅那。他以清净、皎洁的心遍满此身而坐;他全身上下没有任何地方不被清净、皎洁的心遍满。这是他在定中的成就。
§471
‘‘Ayaṃ kho so, māṇava, ariyo samādhikkhandho yassa so bhagavā vaṇṇavādī ahosi , yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesi. Atthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya’’nti.
「青年婆罗门,此即是彼世尊所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立此大众于其中的圣定蕴。而且在此之上尚有应作之事。」
‘‘Acchariyaṃ, bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! So cāyaṃ, bho ānanda, ariyo samādhikkhandho paripuṇṇo, no aparipuṇṇo. Evaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ cāhaṃ, bho ānanda, ariyaṃ samādhikkhandhaṃ ito bahiddhā aññesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu na samanupassāmi. Evaṃ paripuṇṇañca, bho ānanda, ariyaṃ samādhikkhandhaṃ ito bahiddhā aññe samaṇabrāhmaṇā attani samanupasseyyuṃ, te tāvatakeneva attamanā assu – ‘alamettāvatā, katamettāvatā, anuppatto no sāmaññattho, natthi no kiñci uttarikaraṇīya’nti. Atha ca pana bhavaṃ ānando evamāha – ‘atthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya’’’nti.
「奇哉,尊者阿难!希有哉,尊者阿难!此圣定蕴是圆满的,不是不圆满的。尊者阿难,我在其他沙门、婆罗门中未见如此圆满之圣定蕴。尊者阿难,若其他沙门、婆罗门在自身中见到如此圆满之圣定蕴,他们亦会以此为满足:『此已足矣,此已作矣,我等沙门目标已达成,无更高之事可作。』然而尊者阿难却说:『在此之上尚有应作之事。』」
Paññākkhandho慧蕴
§472
‘‘Katamo pana so, bho ānanda, ariyo paññākkhandho, yassa bho bhavaṃ gotamo vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesī’’ti?
「那么,尊者阿难,什么是彼尊者果德玛所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立众人于其中的圣慧蕴呢?」
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammo; idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti.
「彼心如是得定、清净、洁白、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适合作业、安住、已达不动时,将心导向、转向智见。他如是知:『我此身是色所成、四大所成、父母所生、米粥所长养、无常、坏法、碎法、散法、灭法。而我此识依此而系于此。』」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatrāssa suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā. Tamenaṃ cakkhumā puriso hatthe karitvā paccavekkheyya – ‘ayaṃ kho maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato accho vippasanno anāvilo sabbākārasampanno. Tatridaṃ suttaṃ āvutaṃ nīlaṃ vā pītaṃ vā lohitaṃ vā odātaṃ vā paṇḍusuttaṃ vā’ti. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘ayaṃ kho me kāyo rūpī cātumahābhūtiko mātāpettikasambhavo odanakummāsūpacayo aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedana-viddhaṃsanadhammo. Idañca pana me viññāṇaṃ ettha sitaṃ ettha paṭibaddha’nti. Yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte ñāṇadassanāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So evaṃ pajānāti…pe… ettha paṭibaddhanti. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「学童,譬如有琉璃宝珠,美好、纯种、八面、善磨制、澄净、明亮、无瑕、具一切相。那里穿有线,或青或黄或红或白或淡黄色线。有眼者将它置于手掌观察:『这琉璃宝珠美好、纯种、八面、善磨制、澄净、明亮、无瑕、具一切相。这里穿有线,或青或黄或红或白或淡黄色线。』学童,同样地,比库如是心得定、清净、明净、无垢、离随烦恼、柔软、堪任、住立、不动时,引导心、倾心向智见。他如是了知:『这我身是色的、四大种所成、父母所生、米饭粥饭所积聚、无常磨灭破坏离散之法。而我的这识依此而住,于此系缚。』学童,比库如是心得定、清净、明净、无垢、离随烦恼、柔软、堪任、住立、不动时,引导心、倾心向智见。他如是了知:『这我身是色的、四大种所成、父母所生、米饭粥饭所积聚、无常磨灭破坏离散之法。而我的这识依此而住,于此系缚。』这对他是慧。
§473
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So imamhā kāyā aññaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmināti rūpiṃ manomayaṃ sabbaṅgapaccaṅgiṃ ahīnindriyaṃ.
「彼心如是得定、清净、洁白、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适合作业、安住、已达不动时,将心导向、转向化作意所成身。他从此身化出另一身,有色、意所成,一切肢节具足,诸根不缺。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , māṇava, puriso muñjamhā īsikaṃ pavāheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ muñjo ayaṃ īsikā; añño muñjo aññā īsikā; muñjamhā tveva īsikā pavāḷhā’ti. Seyyathā vā pana, māṇava, puriso asiṃ kosiyā pavāheyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ asi, ayaṃ kosi; añño asi, aññā kosi; kosiyā tveva asi pavāḷho’ti. Seyyathā vā pana, māṇava, puriso ahiṃ karaṇḍā uddhareyya. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ ahi, ayaṃ karaṇḍo; añño ahi, añño karaṇḍo; karaṇḍā tveva ahi ubbhato’ti . Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimmānāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti…pe…. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「青年婆罗门,譬如有人从茅草中抽出苇茎。他如此思惟:『此是茅草,此是苇茎;茅是一,苇是另一;然而苇茎是从茅草中抽出的。』又譬如有人从剑鞘中拔出剑。他如此思惟:『此是剑,此是剑鞘;剑是一,剑鞘是另一;然而剑是从剑鞘中拔出的。』又譬如有人从旧皮中取出蛇。他如此思惟:『此是蛇,此是旧皮;蛇是一,旧皮是另一;然而蛇是从旧皮中取出的。』同样地,青年婆罗门,比库心如是得定……乃至……已达不动时,将心导向、转向化作意所成身……青年婆罗门,此亦属于比库的慧。」
§474
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti. Ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti. Āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati seyyathāpi ākāse. Pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti, seyyathāpi udake. Udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ. Ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo. Imepi candimasūriye evaṃ mahiddhike evaṃ mahānubhāve pāṇinā parāmasati parimajjati. Yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.
「当心如此得定、清净、明净、无斑、离随烦恼、柔软、适业、住立、达到不动时,他引导心、倾向心至神变种类。他体验种种神变种类:成为一人后,成为多人;成为多人后,成为一人;显现、隐没;无碍地穿过墙、穿过围墙、穿过山,如在虚空中;在地中出没,如在水中;在水上不沉地行走,如在地上;在虚空中以跏趺坐而行,如有翼的鸟;以手触摸、抚摸如此大神力、如此大威力的日月;以身行使自在,直至梵天世界。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi , māṇava, dakkho kumbhakāro vā kumbhakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatāya mattikāya yaññadeva bhājanavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, māṇava, dakkho dantakāro vā dantakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ dantasmiṃ yaññadeva dantavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Seyyathā vā pana, māṇava, dakkho suvaṇṇakāro vā suvaṇṇakārantevāsī vā suparikammakatasmiṃ suvaṇṇasmiṃ yaññadeva suvaṇṇavikatiṃ ākaṅkheyya, taṃ tadeva kareyya abhinipphādeyya. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu …pe… yampi māṇava bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte iddhividhāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti. Ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti …pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「学童,譬如熟练的陶工或陶工的弟子,对善加工的黏土,无论想要制作何种器皿的变化,他都能制作、能成就那个。又譬如,学童,熟练的象牙工或象牙工的弟子,对善加工的象牙,无论想要制作何种象牙制品的变化,他都能制作、能成就那个。又譬如,学童,熟练的金工或金工的弟子,对善加工的黄金,无论想要制作何种金制品的变化,他都能制作、能成就那个。同样地,学童,比库以这样心得定、清净、净化、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适业、住立、到达不动时,引导心、转心向神变。他体验种种神变:成为一个后又成为多个,成为多个后又成为一个;显现、隐没;穿墙、穿壁、穿山如行于虚空而无障碍;出没于地中如在水中;行于水上不沉如在地上;如有翼之鸟在空中结跏趺坐而行;以手触摸、抚摸如此大神力、大威力的日月;乃至以身自在到达梵天界。这是他以慧之所得。」
§475
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca. Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso addhānamaggappaṭipanno. So suṇeyya bherisaddampi mudiṅgasaddampi saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddampi. Tassa evamassa – ‘bherisaddo itipi mudiṅgasaddo itipi saṅkhapaṇavadindimasaddo iti’pi . Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe…. Yampi māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte dibbāya sotadhātuyā cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāti dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike ca. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「当他这样心得定……乃至……达到不动时,他引导心、使心向于天耳界。他以清净、超越人的天耳界,听到两种声音:天的和人的,远的和近的。学童!譬如有人行走在路上,他会听到鼓声、小鼓声、螺、鼓、钹声。他会这样想:『这是鼓声』、『这是小鼓声』、『这是螺、鼓、钹声』。同样地,学童!比库……乃至……。学童!当比库这样心得定……乃至……达到不动时,他引导心、使心向于天耳界。他以清净、超越人的天耳界,听到两种声音:天的和人的,远的和近的。这是他的慧。」 「当他心这样得定……达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向天耳界。他以清净的、超越人的天耳界,听闻两种声音:天的和人的,远的和近的。学童!譬如某人行走在道路上,他会听到大鼓声、小鼓声、螺、鼓、钹声。他会这样想:『这是大鼓声』、『这是小鼓声』、『这是螺、鼓、钹声』。同样地,学童!比库……当比库心这样得定……达到不动时,他引导心、使心转向天耳界。他以清净的、超越人的天耳界,听闻两种声音:天的和人的,远的和近的。这对他来说是慧。」
§476
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti, ‘sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ sadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ vītadosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘samohaṃ vā cittaṃ samohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ vītamohaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ saṅkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ vikkhittaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ mahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ amahaggataṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ sauttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ anuttaraṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ asamāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti, ‘avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ citta’nti pajānāti.
「他如是心得定、清净、皎洁、无垢、离随烦恼、柔软、适业、住立、到达不动时,引导心、倾心向他心智。他以心遍知其他众生、其他人的心后了知:『有贪的心为有贪的心』,他了知;『离贪的心为离贪的心』,他了知;『有嗔的心为有嗔的心』,他了知;『离嗔的心为离嗔的心』,他了知;『有痴的心为有痴的心』,他了知;『离痴的心为离痴的心』,他了知;『收缩的心为收缩的心』,他了知;『散乱的心为散乱的心』,他了知;『广大的心为广大的心』,他了知;『不广大的心为不广大的心』,他了知;『有上的心为有上的心』,他了知;『无上的心为无上的心』,他了知;『得定的心为得定的心』,他了知;『无定的心为无定的心』,他了知;『解脱的心为解脱的心』,他了知;『未解脱的心为未解脱的心』,他了知。
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, itthī vā puriso vā daharo yuvā maṇḍanajātiko ādāse vā parisuddhe pariyodāte acche vā udakapatte sakaṃ mukhanimittaṃ paccavekkhamāno sakaṇikaṃ vā sakaṇikanti jāneyya, akaṇikaṃ vā akaṇikanti jāneyya. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite…pe… āneñjappatte cetopariyañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So parasattānaṃ purapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti, sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti…pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「学童,犹如女人或男人,年轻、青春、喜好装饰,在镜子中或清净、明净、纯净的水盆中观察自己的面相,有污垢时就知道『有污垢』,无污垢时就知道『无污垢』。同样地,学童,比库……学童,当比库如此心得定……达到不动时,他引导心、倾向心于他心智。他以心遍知其他众生、其他人的心而了知:有贪的心了知为有贪的心……未解脱的心了知为未解脱的心。这是他的慧。
§477
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Seyyathidaṃ, ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto. So tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto; so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
「彼心如是得定……乃至……已达不动时,将心导向、转向宿住随念智。他随念种种宿住——即一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生、数次坏劫、数次成劫、数次成坏劫:『在此我名如是,姓如是,种姓如是,食如是,受乐苦如是,寿命如是,于彼处死后生于彼。于彼处我亦名如是……乃至……寿命如是,于彼处死后生于此。』他随念种种宿住的行相与细节。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, puriso sakamhā gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya; tamhāpi gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ gaccheyya; so tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgaccheyya . Tassa evamassa – ‘ahaṃ kho sakamhā gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ agacchiṃ, tatra evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ evaṃ nisīdiṃ evaṃ abhāsiṃ evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ. So tamhāpi gāmā amuṃ gāmaṃ gacchiṃ, tatrāpi evaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ evaṃ nisīdiṃ evaṃ abhāsiṃ evaṃ tuṇhī ahosiṃ. Somhi tamhā gāmā sakaṃyeva gāmaṃ paccāgato’ti. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti . So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「学童,譬如有人从自己的村子去往另一个村子;又从那个村子去往另一个村子;再从那个村子返回自己的村子。他会这样想:『我从自己的村子去了那个村子,在那里这样站立、这样坐、这样说话、这样沉默。又从那个村子去了那个村子,在那里也这样站立、这样坐、这样说话、这样沉默。我又从那个村子返回自己的村子。』同样地,学童,比库……当比库如是心定……达到不动时,他引导心、倾向心于忆念前世之智。他忆念种种前世住处。即:一生、二生、三生、四生、五生、十生、二十生、三十生、四十生、五十生、百生、千生、百千生、许多坏劫、许多成劫、许多坏成劫:『在那里我有这样的名、这样的姓、这样的种性、这样的食物、这样的苦乐体验、这样的寿量;从那里死后,我在那里投生;在那里也有这样的名、这样的姓、这样的种性、这样的食物、这样的苦乐体验、这样的寿量;从那里死后,我在这里投生。』如是他忆念有相、有处所的种种前世住处。这是他的慧。
§478
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā. Ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā. Te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
「彼心如是得定……乃至……已达不动时,将心导向、转向有情死生智。他以清净、超越常人的天眼见有情之死与生,了知其卑下、优胜、美丽、丑陋、善趣、恶趣,各各随其业而受生:『诸位贤者,此诸有情身行恶行、语行恶行、意行恶行,毁谤圣者,持邪见,行邪见业,他们身坏命终后,生于苦界、恶趣、堕处、地狱。然而诸位贤者,此诸有情身行善行、语行善行、意行善行,不毁谤圣者,持正见,行正见业,他们身坏命终后,生于善趣、天界。』如是他以清净、超越常人的天眼见有情之死与生,了知其卑下、优胜、美丽、丑陋、善趣、恶趣,各各随其业而受生。」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, majjhesiṅghāṭake pāsādo, tattha cakkhumā puriso ṭhito passeyya manusse gehaṃ pavisantepi nikkhamantepi rathikāyapi vīthiṃ sañcarante majjhesiṅghāṭake nisinnepi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ete manussā gehaṃ pavisanti, ete nikkhamanti, ete rathikāya vīthiṃ sañcaranti, ete majjhesiṅghāṭake nisinnā’ti. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate, yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「学童!譬如在十字路口有宫殿,有眼之人站在那里,能看见人们进入房屋、离开、在街道上来往,以及坐在十字路口。他会如此想:『这些人正在进入房屋,这些人正在离开,这些人正在街道上来往,这些人正坐在十字路口。』同样地,学童!比库以如此得定之心,清净、净化、无瑕、离随烦恼、柔软、适合作业、住立、达到不动时,导引心、倾心于众生死生之智。他以清净、超越人的天眼,看见众生死时、生时,低劣的、胜妙的、美好的、丑陋的、幸运的、不幸的,了知众生依业而去。这是他的慧。」
§479
‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ āsavanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti , ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
「彼心如是得定、清净、洁白、无秽、离随烦恼、柔软、适合作业、安住、已达不动时,将心导向、转向诸漏尽智。他如实了知:『此是苦』,如实了知:『此是苦之集』,如实了知:『此是苦之灭』,如实了知:『此是至苦灭之道』。如实了知:『此是诸漏』,如实了知:『此是诸漏之集』,如实了知:『此是诸漏之灭』,如实了知:『此是至诸漏灭之道』。如此了知、如此见时,他的心从欲漏中解脱,从有漏中解脱,从无明漏中解脱。已解脱则有『已解脱』之智,了知:『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此生。』」
‘‘Seyyathāpi, māṇava, pabbatasaṅkhepe udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tattha cakkhumā puriso tīre ṭhito passeyya sippikasambukampi sakkharakathalampi macchagumbampi carantampi tiṭṭhantampi. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho udakarahado accho vippasanno anāvilo. Tatrime sippikasambukāpi sakkharakathalāpi macchagumbāpi carantipi tiṭṭhantipī’ti. Evameva kho, māṇava, bhikkhu…pe… yampi, māṇava, bhikkhu evaṃ samāhite citte…pe… āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti. So idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti, ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti . Idampissa hoti paññāya.
「譬如,学童,在群山间的水池,清澈、透明、无浊。在那里,有眼之人站在岸边,会看见牡蛎和贝壳、砂石砾石、鱼群游动或停住。他会这样想:『这水池清澈、透明、无浊。在那里这些牡蛎和贝壳、砂石砾石、鱼群游动或停住。』同样地,学童,比库……学童,当比库如此心得定……达到不动时,引导心、倾向心于诸漏尽智。他如实了知『这是苦』……如实了知『这是导向漏尽之道』。当他如此知、如此见时,心从欲漏解脱,心从有漏解脱,心从无明漏解脱,在已解脱中有『已解脱』之智,了知『生已尽,梵行已立,应作已作,不再有此存在』。这是他慧的成就。
§480
‘‘Ayaṃ kho, so māṇava, ariyo paññākkhandho yassa so bhagavā vaṇṇavādī ahosi, yattha ca imaṃ janataṃ samādapesi nivesesi patiṭṭhāpesi. Natthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīya’’nti.
「青年婆罗门,此即是彼世尊所赞叹、他劝人受持、安住、建立此大众于其中的圣慧蕴。而且此上无更应作之事。」
‘‘Acchariyaṃ , bho ānanda, abbhutaṃ, bho ānanda! So cāyaṃ, bho ānanda, ariyo paññākkhandho paripuṇṇo, no aparipuṇṇo. Evaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ cāhaṃ, bho ānanda, ariyaṃ paññākkhandhaṃ ito bahiddhā aññesu samaṇabrāhmaṇesu na samanupassāmi. Natthi cevettha uttarikaraṇīyaṃ . Abhikkantaṃ, bho ānanda, abhikkantaṃ, bho ānanda! Seyyathāpi, bho ānanda, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti. Evamevaṃ bhotā ānandena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bho ānanda, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ ānando dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
「奇哉,尊者阿难!希有哉,尊者阿难!此圣慧蕴是圆满的,不是不圆满的。尊者阿难,我在其他沙门、婆罗门中未见如此圆满之圣慧蕴。在此之上并无更应作之事。奇哉,尊者阿难!希有哉,尊者阿难!尊者阿难,譬如令倒者竖立、覆者开显、为迷者指路、于黑暗中持灯——『具眼者得见诸色』——同样地,尊者阿难以种种方便开示了法。我皈依彼尊者果德玛、法与比库僧团。愿尊者阿难接受我为近事男,从今日起,尽形寿皈依。
Subhasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ. · 苏跋经完,第十